{"id":9887,"date":"2026-03-31T00:53:48","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T17:53:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=9887"},"modified":"2026-04-04T08:09:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T01:09:24","slug":"__trashed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=9887","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ea7n 3C \u2013 NH\u00c0 B\u00c1O NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N\u00a0 V\u0128NH, T\u1eea TH\u1eca PHI \u0110\u1ebeN NG\u1ee2I CA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Th\u01b0a c\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lu\u00f4n ch\u1ee9ng minh, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ecb che d\u1ea5u ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NLB<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n 3C \u2013 NH\u00c0 B\u00c1O NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N  V\u0128NH, T\u1eea TH\u1eca PHI \u0110\u1ebeN NG\u1ee2I CA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n 3A<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n 3B<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh trong con m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

6\/ Emil Vayrac<\/strong>, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f2ng Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n B\u00e1o ch\u00ed b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 20 v\u00e0 30 \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a E. Vayrac l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady nh\u01b0ng, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 \u2018h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng\u2019 khi \u0111\u1ed5 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kinh doanh thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Paul Dumer (nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 1897-1902) d\u1ed1c l\u00f2ng mong mu\u1ed1n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c cay \u0111\u1eafng, \u00ea ch\u1ec1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1954 v\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a k\u1ebb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong h\u1eb1ng h\u00e0 sa s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n khi h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh), c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u00e2u xa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 trong m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n do E. Vayrac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 17\/2\/1937, E. Vayrac g\u1eedi Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o d\u00e0i, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u1edf B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb 1912 \u0111\u1ebfn 1937 (25 n\u0103m). Ngay \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, E. Vayrac \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1 d\u00e0i n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 NVV, xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn (ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u01b0 Phong):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 may m\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u00f4ng NGUY\u1ec0N V\u0102N V\u0128NH, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n An Nam v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n gi\u00fap t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i v\u1ef1c s\u00e2u ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang An Nam. V\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y\u2026?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u201c\u2026D\u00e8s le d\u00e9but, j’eus la chance de me lier d’amiti\u00e9 avec quelques Anamites \u00e9minents, notamment avec M. NGUYEN VAN VINH, le plus grand \u00e9crivain annamite de notre \u00e9poque. C’est lui qui me fit mesurer peu \u00e0 peu l’ab\u00eeme qui s\u00e9pare de nous la masse anamite. Et nous nous demandions par quels moyens nous parviendrons \u00e0 entamer cette totale incompr\u00e9hension….\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec NVV \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, E. Vayrac \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 mang \u01a1n NVV, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khai m\u1edf cho \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1ed1n trong ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c h\u1ecd t\u1eebng coi l\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec3u? Khi hi\u1ec3u ra, E. Vayrac \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u1ee9  \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam tr\u1edf n\u00ean ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu t\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00edt v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n gian tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc n\u00e0y\u2026!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

NVV \u0111\u00e3 \u2018v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh\u2019 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi \u0111\u1ea9y E. Vayrac \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i th\u00fa nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5i s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng trong hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed3n c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ecb tr\u1ecb, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ebf t\u1eafc, c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb hay \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t do mang l\u1ed1i t\u01b0 duy \u2018th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng\u2019 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebb y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed n\u00e3o, NVV \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p l\u1eabn ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, v\u1eeba mang t\u00ednh tham v\u1ea5n, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n \u1edf t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, do t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gi\u00e0, khi tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eadn d\u1eef, gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf NVV \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m h\u1ea1 g\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb trung th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E. Vayrac ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, khi hi\u1ec3u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a NVV, d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u2018ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 qu\u00ea An Nam\u2019, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 mang trong m\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eadm n\u00e9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E. Vayrac th\u1ea7m ph\u1ee5c NVV v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, gi\u00e0u kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng, k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u2018g\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee5c kh\u01a1i trong\u2019, thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e2n sinh quan c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, d\u1eabn h\u1ecd \u0111i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa, E. Vayrac \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1eddi sau bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, NVV l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, cu\u1ed1n \u201cKh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d c\u1ee7a J.J. Russeau, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a NVV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt n\u00e0y h\u1eadu th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u2018Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc\u2019. H\u1ecd th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1eebng hi\u1ec3u sai \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c cho r\u1eb1ng, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t khi VN \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i! E. Vayrac b\u00e1o c\u00e1o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cL\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng V\u0129nh ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch s\u00e1u hay b\u1ea9y quy\u1ec3n \u201cKh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea5u t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u00fa nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 n\u00f3<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady E. Vayrac c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a NVV ngay t\u1eeb khi \u00f4ng c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb tinh hoa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc khai ph\u00f3ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1eadt ngang tr\u00e1i, v\u00ec nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u, NVV \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho \u00f4ng tr\u0103n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0a NVV r\u01a1i v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn h\u01a1i th\u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb g\u00f3c bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb sinh ra trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, n\u00ean lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng… NVV nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u00e2y non thi\u1ebfu n\u1eafng, lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00f3a ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1i ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a \u1ea5y, khi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f2n trong c\u01a1n h\u1ed7n mang, NVV \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e1m toan t\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh, d\u00f9 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 90% l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y, v\u00ec E. Vayrac l\u00e0 k\u1ebb c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy khoa h\u1ecdc, nh\u1edd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec NVV \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, n\u00ean th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c, trong b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng \u00fd mu\u1ed1n, s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cV\u00f2ng nguy\u1ec7t qu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p\u201d<\/em>, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng di c\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a NVV \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dd nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a E. Vayrac \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, NVV l\u00e0 ai trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng?!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NVV ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tri\u1ebft gia, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb s\u1eb5n danh v\u1ecb, ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0m do h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi VN \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i c\u00e1i s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u00eau ch\u00e1y c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00eam m\u1ecbt m\u00f9 do Phong ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NVV tham v\u1ecdng, s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng phong ki\u1ebfn, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy ti\u1ec3u n\u00f4ng, th\u1ee9 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i, NVV l\u00e0 k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 \u2018v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh\u2019 can d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng tho\u00e1t \u00c1, m\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1eebng nu\u00f4i \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00f4n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u0103m gh\u00e9t. Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5, r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i NVV \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n noi theo g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Minh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 kh\u00f4ng n\u1eefa?!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NVV tin r\u1eb1ng, l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf con ch\u1eef, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 NVV \u0111\u00e3 lao v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea3m \u01a1n ng\u00e0i Emil Vayrac \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 NVV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7\/ Christopher Goscha <\/strong>sinh n\u0103m 1965 t\u1ea1i Bang Kansas – Hoa K\u1ef3, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ng\u00e0nh quan h\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u00e9bec \u1edf Montr\u00e9al – Canada. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng vang tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m \u201cVietnam: Un \u00c9tat n\u00e9 de la guerre\u201d – Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<\/em> M\u1ed9t Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ra t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tranh<\/em> (NXB Armand Collins 2011), \u201cIndochine ou Vietnam?\u201d – \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng hay Vi\u1ec7t Nam?<\/em> (NXB Vend\u00e9miaire 2015) v\u00e0 \u201cThe Penguin History of Modern Vietnam\u201d – L\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/em> (NXB Penguin\/Random House 2016)\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1987, C. Goscha nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ngo\u1ea1i giao – \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Georgetown – Washington DC, Hoa K\u1ef3. N\u0103m 1992, \u00f4ng l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u1ec1 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1<\/em> t\u1ea1i Canberra – \u00dac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, s\u01b0u t\u1eadp t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 th\u1ee9 hai \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris VII n\u0103m 1994 t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1edd v\u1eady, \u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi VN, l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o mang t\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho C. Goscha \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh do ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng g\u00ec li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi \u2018Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Man di<\/em> \u2013 NVV\u2019 (C\u00e1ch NVV t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf HN n\u0103m 1932).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n n\u00e0y, C. Goscha \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u201cLe barbare moderne –<\/strong> Nguyen Van Vinh et la complexit\u00e9 de la modernisation coloniale au Vietnam\u201d (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Man di hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i – Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Vinh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em>),\u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean RFHOM, T.88, s\u1ed1 332-333 (2001).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngay trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, C. Goscha \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a NVV, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i? \u00d4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 \u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi s\u1eed h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i b\u1ecf qua! \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n sau n\u0103m 1954, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gai g\u00f3c<\/a>\u2026\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ecb NVV cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat, C. Goscha \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, \u00f4ng nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Duy t\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, m\u00e0 NVV v\u00e0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed VN v\u00e0 C. Goscha \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 gh\u00ea g\u1edbm v\u1ec1 NVV th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed1i hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1eabn mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe th\u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng, trong b\u1ea3n tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n m\u00e0 \u00f4ng s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean t\u1edd b\u00e1o N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam M\u1edbi – \u201cL\u2019Annam Nuoveau\u201d n\u0103m 1931, NVV c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111i xa h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u\u2026\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C. Goscha nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a NVV trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi (sau g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i) thay th\u1ebf n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ed5 h\u1ee7 do ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026<\/em> Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u00f4ng V\u0129nh vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 v\u0169 cho vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026<\/em> Nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc\u2026 khi\u1ebfn cho t\u1edd b\u00e1o\u201cL\u2019Annam Nouveau\u201d tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p v\u0103n ra Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a NVV, C. Goscha nh\u1eadn ra, NVV \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay t\u1eeb ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi, v\u00e0 C. Goscha x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ca ng\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh khi \u00f4ng c\u1ea3i bi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong s\u00e1ch, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh…\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C. Goscha ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1n \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5\u201d c\u1ee7a Victor Hugo, c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 \u0111ang ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb \u1edf \u0111\u00f3\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026<\/em> \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, khi ch\u00fa t\u00e2m d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C. Goscha \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, khi \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra t\u1ea7m t\u01b0 duy v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a NVV, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng khao kh\u00e1t n\u00e2ng cao d\u00e2n tr\u00ed cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho ch\u00ednh k\u1ebb \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u00f4n t\u00ednh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Tuy nhi\u00ean, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a\u201d. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1909, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Phan K\u1ebf B\u00ednh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cho xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft d\u00e3 s\u1eed c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n Trung Hoa \u201cTam Qu\u1ed1c ch\u00ed di\u1ec5n ngh\u0129a\u201d b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng c\u0169ng d\u1ecbch t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Du \u201cKim V\u00e2n Ki\u1ec1u\u201d v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xem \u0111i xem l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0y qua n\u0103m kh\u00e1c. N\u0103m 1923, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 b\u1ea9y v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 30.000 b\u1ea3n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026R\u1ea5t \u00edt tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c theo ki\u1ec3u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y,  c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C. Goscha c\u00f2n hi\u1ec3u, v\u00ec sao t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp ch\u1ee9c s\u1eafc Phong ki\u1ebfn VN d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t NVV duy t\u00e2n, k\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u2018\u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f5a\u2019 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i cai tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026<\/em> Gi\u1edbi quan l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng k\u00edch d\u1eef d\u1ed9i trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng V\u0129nh; \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ai l\u00ean \u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p khoan h\u00f2a, che ch\u1eafn. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00ean \u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f2i b\u00fat th\u00e9p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean t\u1edd b\u00e1o N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam M\u1edbi \u201cL\u2019Annam Nouveau\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026<\/em> \u00d4ng V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C. Goscha nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng, v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a NVV tr\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phong ki\u1ebfn VN m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026<\/em> Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00e1o ch\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng \u1edf th\u00f4n qu\u00ea v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed5 h\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a NVV, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed VN c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 NVV, C. Goscha nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026B\u1ecb th\u00f4i th\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb-x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u0110\u00e1c-uyn (Darwin), Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh coi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00edch nghi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ki\u1ec3u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u00e1p.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026<\/em> Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tin r\u1eb1ng, t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u0169 b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i m\u00e0 theo \u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u1ed1n thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn r\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng: N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, m\u1ed9t khi c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngang v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 m\u00ecnh.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026<\/em> M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, ta th\u1ea5y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e1m d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d hay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c Ph\u00e1p\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C. Goscha s\u1ed1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u00e1ch xa \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc VN h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n c\u00e2y s\u1ed1, xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 NVV, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng do b\u1ecb gi\u1eb1ng x\u00e9 b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c, c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u00e0i ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh NVV l\u00e0 ai? \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u1ee3i ca hay ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n NVV, C. Goscha \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a NVV khi trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng khai, tr\u00ean t\u1edd b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u1edf HN n\u0103m 1932 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cC\u00e1i h\u1ed1 s\u00e2u ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 Nho ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eabn nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi man di hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u1ed7n t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft, \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u00e2n l\u00fd trong c\u00f9ng c\u00e1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec h\u01a1n \u00f4ng Kh\u00e1ng, d\u00f9 sao, c\u00e1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nhau tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ai c\u0169ng cho l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111i \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng… ch\u1eb3ng qua v\u00ec con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0, r\u1ed1t c\u00f9ng, c\u1ea3 hai ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u0111i t\u00ecm ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft c\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng!\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: \u0110\u00e0o H\u00f9ng-1932-2013. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 hai: T\u00f4n N\u1eef Th\u1ecb Ninh)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00ecn \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00f3c quan s\u00e1t n\u00e0o, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m k\u00edch t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch quan c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 C. Goscha, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap cho nh\u1eefng ai quan t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng trong \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 NVV!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8\/ Abdou DIOUF,<\/strong> sinh n\u0103m 1935, nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Senegal (1970-1980), T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Senegal (1981-2000), T\u1ed5ng Th\u01b0 k\u00fd T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef OIF (Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie) ba nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 (2003-2014).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0i Abdou DIOUF \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m VN n\u0103m 2014, theo l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao VN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 2008, nh\u00e2n k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef 20\/3 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, C\u00e1c Vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Montpellier \u2013 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c AD@LY do b\u00e0 Anna Owhadi Richardson l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bu\u1ed5i giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: \u201c<\/em>Truy\u1ec7n ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a La Fontaine: M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec7m cho \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i li\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u201d<\/em> (Le fable de la Fontaine un tremplin pour le dialogue interclturel).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u0103n h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, Ban T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c (BTC) \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, xin \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1eddi ng\u00e0i A. Diouf  tham d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc, do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, ng\u00e0i T\u1ed5ng Th\u01b0 k\u00fd A. Diouf \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau khi n\u1eafm b\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed5i giao l\u01b0u, ng\u00e0i A. Diouf \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng g\u1eedi t\u1edbi BTC c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5, trong th\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 NVV nh\u01b0 sau: (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u01b0 Phong)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c<\/em>C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m \u2018Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb\u2019, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c – Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef. T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e2n h\u1ea1nh ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m th\u01a1 ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a La Phontaine, \u0111\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef du nh\u1eadp, gi\u1eefa ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 may m\u1eafn khi, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft giao tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a hai th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef9 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn trao \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang\u2026\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a NVV trong giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t-Ph\u00e1p, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u1ef9 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, ng\u00e0i <\/em>A. Diouf \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 sau v\u1ec1 NVV:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c<\/em>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi t\u1eeb bao l\u00e2u nay, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, r\u1eb1ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u00ean t\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi VN ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng m\u00e0, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra cho r\u1eb1ng, n\u00f3 mang t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n v\u0103n tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t v\u00f2ng quanh tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/em>\u201d.<\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady l\u00e0, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 tri\u1ebft gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cS\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u00e1u v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Truth is the property of no individual but is the treasure of all men.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn cho ph\u1ea7n Ba:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 2025, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1ng cho bi\u1ebft: Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111ang l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dac (Australia) d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh THPT, \u1edf m\u1ee5c giao b\u00e0i t\u1eadp cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh (task), li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi VN, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y n\u00eau t\u00e1m c\u00e1i t\u00ean g\u1ed3m: Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, Chu V\u0103n An, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i, Nguy\u1ec5n Du, L\u00ea Ng\u1ecdc H\u00e2n, Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0 B\u00f9i Xu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1i, v\u1edbi g\u1ee3i \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Em s\u1ebd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c. Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap em m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i n\u00f3i n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean em h\u00e3y t\u00ecm th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt anh h\u00f9ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Em ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o (script) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y. T\u1eadp n\u00f3i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a em!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n Ba trong lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i V\u00cc SAO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n B\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u01b0a c\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n! C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lu\u00f4n ch\u1ee9ng minh, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i\u2026 Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ecb che d\u1ea5u ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":9890,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,15],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Sach-GK-cuacs-Uc.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9887"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9887"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9898,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9887\/revisions\/9898"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}