{"id":4964,"date":"2020-11-22T22:00:36","date_gmt":"2020-11-22T15:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4964"},"modified":"2024-02-05T00:29:02","modified_gmt":"2024-02-04T17:29:02","slug":"moi-quan-he-lich-su-nguyen-van-vinh-phan-boi-chau-bai-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4964","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed0I QUAN H\u1ec6 L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH \u2013 PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U \u2013 B\u00e0i 4"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4964\" class=\"elementor elementor-4964\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a93e0ca e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a93e0ca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9270568 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9270568\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 07-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>NH\u1eeeNG T\u01af\u01a0NG \u0110\u1ed2NG TRONG NGUY\u1ec6N V\u1eccNG X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG M\u1ed8T N\u01af\u1edaC VI\u1ec6T NAM T\u1ef0 DO, D\u00c2N CH\u1ee6 THEO CH\u1ebe \u0110\u1ed8 C\u1ed8NG H\u00d2A c\u1ee7a NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH v\u00e0 PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U <sup>(1)<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cTrong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, qua m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, qua nhi\u1ec1u phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp nhau v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean theo th\u1eddi gian\u2026. N\u1ebfu x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00eau v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c x\u00fac \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1907\u201d.<\/em> <sup>(2)<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh k\u00e9m Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u 15 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u0103n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i khi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 40 tu\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, \u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh mang b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam, tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c H\u00e1n h\u00f3a, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee5c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 dai d\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u2018\u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh\u2019 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u00e9p \u00f4ng to\u00e0n t\u00e2m to\u00e0n \u00fd, g\u1eafn b\u00f3 chung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cai tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3n, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u1ecd c\u00f2n lo l\u1eafng, r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u1eadt tr\u1edb tr\u00eau, v\u00ec sau nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c d\u1ee5 d\u1ed7, l\u00f4i k\u00e9o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 su\u1ed1t th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 10 v\u00e0 20 \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00f4ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u00f4ng k\u00edch Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf mang d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m in b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1, t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u00f2 m\u00f2, khao kh\u00e1t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u00e1n h\u1ecdc qua con ch\u1eef.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00f3, theo c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng trong tinh th\u1ea7n, n\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan t\u1ecfa v\u00ec d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc so v\u1edbi ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n quan x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi trong t\u01b0 duy, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00ec th\u1ebf, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n coi l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1, l\u00e0 k\u1ebb n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5m \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef (1930)!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt m\u1ec9a mai n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 h\u00e8n nh\u00e1t, \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y, gi\u00fap thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i cai tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i lo s\u1ee3, ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i con ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam m\u1edf mang ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi chi\u00eau th\u1ee9c d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1, h\u00f2ng n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh lu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t, duy tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p &nbsp;kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xin ph\u00e9p, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1eaft khe c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u1eeba ban h\u00e0nh trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp th\u00e1ng 9\/1930 c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n B\u1eafc k\u1ef3, l\u00e0 c\u1ea5m c\u00e1c tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ty, v\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u1edd b\u00e1o ri\u00eang xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn, t\u00ean b\u00e1o l\u00e0 L\u2019ANNAM NOUVEAU (<em>N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam M\u1edbi<\/em>).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul><li>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c.<\/li><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Trong nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh in tr\u00ean trang nh\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1edd b\u00e1o, l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 \u1ef7 l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u, t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, c\u00f3 Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p, c\u00f3 Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ef1 do, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p v\u0103n minh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb tay c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Ph\u00e1p, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>(<em>Les annamites doirent pouvoir aimer la France tout en travaillane pour la r\u00e9surrection de la Nation annamite)<\/em> <sup>(4)<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1926 \u0111\u1ebfn 1932, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ee9c b\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y\u2026 V\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1925 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u b\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Sau ph\u00e1n x\u1eed c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n th\u00fac.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 l\u0103n l\u1ed9n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c su\u1ed1t hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean (1904-1924) c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ea3 \u1edf trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mang t\u00ednh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Trong c\u00f9ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh song h\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p khai m\u1edf d\u00e2n tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u1edbi Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u1ea1n ngu d\u00e2n h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng v\u1ed1n tri th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u0103n minh tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u1ede m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i <em>kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c gia An Nam<\/em> c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1eady l\u00e0, v\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, c\u1ea3 hai lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n (V\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t). Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1eebng th\u00fa nh\u1eadn: <em>\u201cT\u00f4i th\u1ea5t-b\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba r\u1ed3i. B\u1edfi \u0111\u00e3 quen n\u00ean t\u00f4i c\u1ee9 th\u1ea3n-nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng\u201d<\/em> <sup>(5) <\/sup>, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y b\u1ebf t\u1eafc trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng va ch\u1ea1m m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1926 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o Hu\u1ebf, t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u <sup>(6)<\/sup> \u0111em theo l\u00f2ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 g\u1ea1o c\u1ed9i, hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb t\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec7u trong khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u00f2i quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c An Nam.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Qua nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ng\u1edd v\u1ef1c, th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1eadn d\u1eef \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. <em>\u201c\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh kinh doanh thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Paris m\u00e0 th\u00f4i\u201d <\/em><sup>(7)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Su\u1ed1t hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m li\u1ec1n, tuy Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u b\u00f4n ba \u1edf H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i thay s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Nam, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng mong mu\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng do \u00f4ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1927, ch\u00ednh Nh\u00e0 Nho Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch <em>\u201810 thang thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t\u2019<\/em> nh\u01b0 sau:<em> \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc ta b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111ang c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc. H\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch T\u00e0u? H\u00e1n v\u0103n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00edch d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi nay. H\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch T\u00e2y? Ph\u00e1p v\u0103n c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u\u2026\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u1ea7m ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, n\u00ean khi \u00f4ng l\u00eca \u0111\u1eddi, Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 ca t\u1ee5ng: <em>\u201cT\u00e0i b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u1ed7i trong hai n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e0n ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea5t c\u1edd\u2026\u201d <\/em><sup>(8)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng th\u1ea5m c\u00e1i vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng trong d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u00f4ng m\u1eebng, v\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 k\u1ebb: <em>\u201cThanh \u00e2m t\u1eebng d\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 Ba L\u00ea\u201d<\/em> \u2013 (Paris, t\/g) <sup>&nbsp;(9)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, th\u1eddi gian hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1925, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng <sup>(10)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ef1c \u0111oan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 20 n\u0103m, sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Paul Doumer (Nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 1897-1902), v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00fap khai m\u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Phong ki\u1ebfn Trung Hoa.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n d\u1ea1y, <em>\u2018V\u00e0ng t\u00ecm v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n, ng\u1ecdc t\u00ecm ng\u1ecdc s\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f4i\u2019,<\/em> li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u2013 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u2013 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u ?!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eeba ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh g\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn, tham v\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, c\u0169ng v\u1eeba tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, sau chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai d\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ea5u x\u1ea3o \u1edf Ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1922, v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng ng\u1ea5m ng\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh x\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng du c\u1ee7a Vua Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn Paris \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3i b\u00f4i, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ra sao, khi nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t &#8211; Ph\u00e1p?!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":4965,\"width\":370,\"height\":999,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/B\u00e1o-1922-v\u1ec1-NVV-\u0111i-\u0110\u1ea5u-x\u1ea3o-379x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4965\" width=\"370\" height=\"999\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/B\u00e1o-1922-v\u1ec1-NVV-\u0111i-\u0110\u1ea5u-x\u1ea3o-379x1024.jpg 379w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/B\u00e1o-1922-v\u1ec1-NVV-\u0111i-\u0110\u1ea5u-x\u1ea3o-111x300.jpg 111w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\" \/><figcaption>B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u0103m 1922 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 \u0111i d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5u x\u1ea3o Marseille<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m \u1ea5y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c, \u00f4ng b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o trong \u0110\u1ea5u x\u1ea3o, c\u00f9ng Phan V\u0103n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng (1876-1933)<sup>(11)<\/sup> t\u00ecm sang Gutenberg b\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c, qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p in \u1ea5n, v\u1edbi tham v\u1ecdng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh in v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n lynotype, \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt in typo c\u0169 k\u1ef9 do F. H. Schneider \u0111\u01b0a sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb g\u1ea7n 40 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc <sup>(12)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, c\u1edf s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, l\u00e0m b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1edbm \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc\u2026 T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng, quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, tr\u00e1nh theo \u0111u\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u0169 trang \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m sao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n \u00e1i s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Annamite <sup>(13)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Do nh\u1eefng th\u00fac \u00e9p c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i Hu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 m\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0m v\u1edbi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, h\u00f2ng m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eadu th\u1ebf bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eabm n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u g\u1eedi t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1m tang Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ng\u00e0y 8\/5\/1936 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cDuy\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng tri nh\u1edb tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, xe t\u1ef1 do chung l\u00e1i\u2026\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>(Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p nhau \u1edf Hu\u1ebf n\u0103m 1926, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh m\u1ea5t \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u0103m 1936).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m s\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfm x\u1ec9a (c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft) \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00f9ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc, trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ngh\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1eadn l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, khi nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng trao t\u1eb7ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb Trung t\u00e2m L\u01b0u tr\u1eef H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c gia Ph\u00e1p (CAOM), cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan An ninh Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1ea9m v\u1ea5n trong bu\u1ed5i c\u00e2u l\u01b0u Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, sau cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p v\u1edbi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o Bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ghi ng\u00e0y 15\/5\/1926, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn gan ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch, quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Nam.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan An ninh Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c cao, v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i x\u00f3a b\u1ecf t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung gian l\u00e0 Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf, c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>K\u1ebb th\u1ea9m v\u1ea5n, \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, khai r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn khi g\u1eb7p nhau \u1edf Hu\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1ed1n t\u00ednh kh\u00ed th\u1eb3ng b\u0103ng, m\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh ngh\u0129, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng coi vi\u1ec7c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khu\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t, hay vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, t\u1ef1 tin r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n thi\u00eang li\u00eang, khi \u0111\u1eb7t ra khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng khai, r\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 v\u1eabn t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111ang \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>(Enqu\u00e9te de <strong>M. BERTRAN)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cAu cours de son voyage \u00e0 Hu\u00ea, au mois de janvier demier (1926), je me suis trouv\u00e9 avec Phan B\u00f4i Ch\u00e2u et de nombreux personnages politiques annamite, nous avons convenu de former en Indochine un parti respublicain progressite. Nous avons \u00e9labor\u00e9 des status que nous pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 \u00e0 M. le Gouverneur G\u00e9n\u00e9ral, par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire, que M.le Gouverneur G\u00e9n\u00e9ral soumettrait le cas aux R\u00e9sidents Sup\u00e9rieurs en Annam et au Tonkin.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>&nbsp;(Trong chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m Hu\u1ebf h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng M\u1ed9t v\u1eeba qua (1926), t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p \u00f4ng Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean Quan To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n, nh\u1edd ng\u00e0i chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi quan Th\u1ed1ng s\u1ee9 B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 quan Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 Trung k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n s\u1edbm c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 am t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng quy chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p. D\u0169ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1eadt \u0111\u1eaft!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u00f4i \u0111i, h\u00f4m nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb v\u00f4 h\u1ed3n m\u1ec9a mai, r\u1eb1ng: \u2018Sao hai v\u1ecb nh\u00e2n s\u0129 \u1ea5y, l\u1ea1i ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c hi v\u1ecdng tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 do d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb b\u1ecdn x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ec9\u2026?!\u2019, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129, r\u1eb1ng h\u00f4m nay, ch\u00fang ta, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f2n \u0111ang \u2018ng\u00e2y th\u01a1\u2019 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng, trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00eau cao <em>\u2018tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c\u2019<\/em> x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i v\u1edbi r\u0103ng, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u00f4n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y!!!&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1945, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1eed \u1edf m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 nh\u1edb, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n s\u0129 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt\u2026 T\u1eeb khi n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f2n m\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 nh\u1ec7n?<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tin, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u2013 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1eabn nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n trong l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, b\u1ed5 xung th\u00eam v\u00e0o v\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gian tru\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n, khi ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e0m lu\u1eadn, m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i chung. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, ch\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 cao hay t\u00e1n t\u1ee5ng!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo sau s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1945, h\u1eb3n kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 c\u1edb khi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Minh c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf m\u1edbi cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 <strong><em>D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a<\/em><\/strong>!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t do \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft s\u1eed c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 sai \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0 hai k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m mang t\u00ednh chia r\u1ebd s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u00e2m linh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20! V\u1eady m\u00e0 h\u00f4m nay, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh th\u1ea7n h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u00ec l\u1ea5y c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3, ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd n\u00e0y, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0o h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn, nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft tha y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 g\u1eb7p nhau. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c li\u00ean minh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f2i l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 V\u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c cai tr\u1ecb m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ki\u1ec3u c\u0169, c\u00f2n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m b\u1eb5m v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh qua g\u1ea7n \u00bd th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c khu\u1ea5t trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 Vi\u1ec7t Nam y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i v\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf c\u00e1i th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf phong ki\u1ebfn Trung Hoa l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c An Nam tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u1ee9ng minh cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, xin h\u00e3y xem v\u00ec sao, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean an ninh Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Betran, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1ec1 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cPourquoi consid\u00e9rez-vous Phan B\u00f4i Ch\u00e2u comme le sup\u00e9rieur des mandarins?\u201d<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>(V\u00ec sao \u00f4ng xem Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c quan l\u1ea1i?)<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cAutrefois, qu\u2019on appelait les mandanrins les \u201cp\u00e8res et m\u00e8res\u201d du peuple, mais aujourd\u2019hui, ils sont fonctionnaires, c\u2019est \u00e0 dire des employ\u00e9s \u00e0 la solde du contribuable; il ne servent ni le contrbuable, ni le protectorat, ce sont au contraire des grugeurs de population et par leur m\u00e9fait, its attirent la haine du peuple sur administration. Je n\u2019ai donc, pour eux aucune consid\u00e9ration et je pense que les lettr\u00e9s gradu\u00e9s en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et Phan B\u00f4i Ch\u00e2u en particulier, sont sup\u00e9rieurs de ces gens l\u00e0.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan B\u00f4i Ch\u00e2u est un h\u00e9ros dans le sens qu\u2019il a toujours suivi son id\u00e9al et qu\u2019il ne s\u2019est jamais laiss\u00e9 contraindre par la force\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>(Ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c quan l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u201cph\u1ee5 m\u1eabu\u201d c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay, h\u1ecd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb l\u1eeba d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea5u xa c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m d\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u0103m ph\u1eabn ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd c\u1ea3, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc khoa b\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u00d4ng Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng, b\u1edfi l\u1ebd c\u1ee5 \u1ea5y bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111i theo l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecbu khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c c\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ec1n).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u0169ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u1eadt th\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u00f9ng m\u00e3 s\u1ed1, \u0111\u00e3 cho bi\u1ebft Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1eebng trao \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00ec v\u1edbi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cC\u2019est esvident, tout le monde le pense, lors qu\u2019on a d\u00e9j\u00e0 des connaissances assez vaste, on pense toijours \u00e0 les employer pour son bien particulier. Quant \u00e0 vous, que compterez vous faire maintenant?\u201d<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>(\u2026 \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1ed3i, ai c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Khi k\u1ebb n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u00fat ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, th\u00ec h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00f2n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u00f4ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m g\u00ec?)<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cJe ne veut rien faire! Je n\u2019esp\u00e8re, dans tout le pays, on peut abolir le principe monarchique\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>(T\u00f4i ch\u1eb3ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m g\u00ec h\u1ebft! T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 hy v\u1ecdng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edf c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00f3a b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cActuellement, dans tout le pays, on proclame la libert\u00e9, mais comment peut-on avoir cette libert\u00e9. ll faut eetre libre et y a t-il d\u00e9j\u00e0 cette \u00e9galit\u00e9? C\u2019est justement dans le pays o\u00f9 l\u2019on proclame la libert\u00e9, qu\u2019on n\u2019\u00e9t pas libre. Si on y est d\u00e9j\u00e0 libre, il sera utile de proclamer cette libert\u00e9\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>(Hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u01b0a? \u1ede m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta r\u00eau rao quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, th\u00ec th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do \u1ea5y. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c r\u00eau rao, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00edch).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cC\u2019est esvident, si on est d\u00e9j\u00e0 libre et qu\u2019on proclame encore la libert\u00e9, on est donc pas vraiment libre\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>(\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do, m\u00e0 \u0111i c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, th\u00ec th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do th\u1eadt s\u1ef1!).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cS\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa h\u1ecd trong khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ecb. H\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u00e3n quan v\u0103n h\u00f3a, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o t\u00e2m th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb bi\u1ebft tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nhau. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu \u2018D\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m\u2019, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng \u2018\u0110\u1ed3ng s\u00e0ng d\u1ecb m\u1ed9ng\u201d<\/em> <sup>(14)<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ef1 b\u00f3p m\u00e9o nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u2013 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba di s\u1ea3n t\u1eeb Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch chia r\u1ebd c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u01b0u t\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, g\u00e2y h\u1eadn th\u00f9 gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i, h\u00f2ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ed3n vinh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t?!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ba Lan \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang: <em>\u2018\u0110\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi h\u1eadn th\u00f9\u2019<\/em>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Trong lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 <em>\u2018N\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9\u2019<\/em> (Enseignement indig\u00e8ne). tr\u00ean t\u1edd <em>L\u2019Annam Nouveau<\/em> t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 2 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 8 n\u0103m 1931, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ea7n c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201c<\/em><em>L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi tinh hoa l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n quan t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf qu\u00ean c\u00e1i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u2018t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3\u2019 \u0111\u00f3,&nbsp;trong khi v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh t\u1ed3n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u2019\u2019.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u1eadt ti\u1ebfc, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, xong ch\u00ed \u00edt c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1eddi sau bi\u1ebft, r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 xa \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c&nbsp;?! H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn&nbsp;!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eb9n c\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp theo:<em>&nbsp;\u2018<\/em><em>M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m trong ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p \u2013 Nam c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u\u2019.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list {\"ordered\":true,\"type\":\"1\"} -->\n<ol type=\"1\"><li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ed3m\u00a0:         Nguy\u1ec5n K\u1ef3 (1918-2013) Con trai th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh); Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ea1m To\u00e0n (1932-2019); Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ed7 Ca S\u01a1n (Sinh 1932); Chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u01b0 Phong (Sinh 1958).<\/li><li>(B\u00c0N V\u1ec0 L\u1eacP HI\u1ebeN, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Phan \u0110\u0103ng Thanh, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1eadp ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1 1 n\u0103m 2001).<\/li><li><em>\u2018T\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o\u00a0?\u2019<\/em> L\u2019Annam Nouveau 21\/1\/1931.<\/li><li>Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o L\u2019Annam Nouveau 21\/1\/1931   <\/li><li><em>\u2018M\u1ed9t gi\u1edd v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh\u2019<\/em> TIN V\u0102N, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 28\/7\/1935.<\/li><li>M\u00e3 s\u1ed1 SPCE 374. CAOM.<\/li><li>(Xem m\u1ee5c 4).<\/li><li>\u0110i\u1ebfu v\u0103n ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1m tang Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ng\u00e0y 8\/5\/1936 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (L\u01b0u tr\u1eef gia \u0111\u00ecnh).<\/li><li>(Xem m\u1ee5c 8).<\/li><li><em>\u2018Litt\u00e9rature s\u00e9ditieuse \u2013 V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2019 <\/em>L\u2019Annam Nouveau s\u1ed1 116.<\/li><li>\u00a0Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0, t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Sorbonne,\u00a0Paris. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3ng (<em>r\u00e9p\u00e9titeur d&#8217;Annamite<\/em>) \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 V\u0103n minh \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u00c9cole des Langues Orientales) \u1edf\u00a0Paris. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00fd t\u00ean v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n <em>&#8220;Th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c An Nam&#8221;<\/em> hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <em>&#8220;Y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam&#8221; <\/em>n\u0103m 1919 (Revendications du peuple annamite) v\u1edbi\u00a0b\u00fat hi\u1ec7u Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c,\u00a0v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u2018ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0\u2019 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y.<\/li><li>S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c F. H. Schneider, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn trao l\u1ea1i cho Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u00e0m \u01a1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p sau g\u1ea7n 40 n\u0103m l\u0103n l\u1ed9n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/li><\/ol>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea9y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vay n\u1ee3 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con n\u1ee3, th\u00e0nh k\u1ebb n\u1eafm \u0111\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ec3 Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n l\u1ea5y c\u1edb \u00e9p \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list {\"ordered\":true,\"type\":\"1\"} -->\n<ol type=\"1\"><li><em>&nbsp;\u2018N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00edt v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n gian tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc n\u00e0y (Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh. T\/g)\u2026.\u2019<\/em>. (B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u00c9mile Vayr\u00e1c, Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f2ng S\u00e1ch b\u00e1o B\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 g\u1eedi Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0y 17\/2\/1937 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i).<\/li><li>&nbsp;Tr\u00edch trong b\u00e0i \u2018L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec \u0111\u00e3 N\u00d3I G\u00cc, v\u00e0 S\u1ebc N\u00d3I G\u00cc v\u1ec1 NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH \u2013 PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U?\u2019 \u0111\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 11\/9\/2020 tr\u00ean Tannamtu.com.<\/li><\/ol>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>H\u1ebft b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u2013 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u00e0i c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list {\"ordered\":true,\"type\":\"1\"} -->\n<ol type=\"1\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4843\">\u00d4ng C\u1ea7u Long Bi\u00ean \u2013 Paul Doumer.<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4886\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1ebd n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u2013 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u&nbsp;?<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4899\">B\u00e0i 1<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4927\">B\u00e0i 2<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4952\">B\u00e0i 3<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NH\u1eeeNG T\u01af\u01a0NG \u0110\u1ed2NG TRONG NGUY\u1ec6N V\u1eccNG X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG M\u1ed8T N\u01af\u1edaC VI\u1ec6T NAM T\u1ef0 DO, D\u00c2N CH\u1ee6 THEO CH\u1ebe \u0110\u1ed8 C\u1ed8NG H\u00d2A c\u1ee7a NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH v\u00e0 PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U (1). B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u201cTrong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, qua m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":4966,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/B\u00e1o-1922-v\u1ec1-NVV-\u0111i-\u0110\u1ea5u-x\u1ea3o-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4964"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4964"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4964\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8129,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4964\/revisions\/8129"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4966"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}