{"id":4927,"date":"2020-10-07T14:28:06","date_gmt":"2020-10-07T07:28:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4927"},"modified":"2024-02-05T00:29:21","modified_gmt":"2024-02-04T17:29:21","slug":"moi-quan-he-lich-su-nguyen-van-vinh-phan-boi-chau-bai-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4927","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed0I QUAN H\u1ec6 L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH \u2013 PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U &#8211; B\u00e0i 2"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4927\" class=\"elementor elementor-4927\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5980aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b5980aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c426b69 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c426b69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 07-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>\u1ea2NH H\u01af\u1edeNG c\u1ee7a PHAN CH\u00c2U TRINH t\u1edbi NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4899\">B\u00e0i 1<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>N\u0103m 1906, khi Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111\u00e3 34 tu\u1ed5i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a. V\u1ed1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb c\u00f3 t\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm cho m\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f4n ba kh\u1eafp mi\u1ec1n Nam B\u1eafc, sang t\u1eadn Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t g\u1ea1o c\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1eabn Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi khoa b\u1ea3ng, danh v\u1ecb, trong l\u00fac Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu thanh ni\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u1edbn, 24 tu\u1ed5i, c\u00e1i tu\u1ed5i c\u00f2n \u0111ang l\u1ea7n m\u00f2 x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eafp c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Kh\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u00d4ng th\u1ea5m c\u00e1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi <em>\u2018s\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2m da, ch\u1ebft ng\u00e2m x\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2019 <\/em>c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng chi\u00eam tr\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc b\u1ed9, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i, \u0111\u00f3i k\u00e9m, trong vai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb l\u00e0m thu\u00ea, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e2n tay h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p, l\u00e0 ch\u0103n b\u00f2 v\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i k\u00e9o qu\u1ea1t m\u00e1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u1edf m\u1eb7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i do ch\u00ednh th\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra! B\u1edfi l\u1ebd, m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu b\u00e9 8 tu\u1ed5i, nh\u1edd \u0111i ch\u0103n b\u00f2 thu\u00ea b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng, m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i \u0111\u00ecnh, do th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y d\u1ea1y. C\u00e1i t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng ng\u00e2y ng\u1ea5t, khi c\u1eadu ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trang nghi\u00eam c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 lu\u1ed3ng linh kh\u00ed, cu\u1ed1n c\u1eadu b\u00e9 theo nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea5p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Trong vai k\u1ebb k\u00e9o qu\u1ea1t thu\u00ea, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh b\u1ea9m sinh, \u0111\u00e3 may m\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i l\u00f2 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c T\u00e2y h\u1ecdc \u1ea5y, sau khi th\u1eed th\u00e1ch, \u0111\u00e3 cho h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, v\u00e0 c\u1eadu \u0111\u1ed7 th\u1ee7 khoa n\u0103m m\u1edbi 14 tu\u1ed5i (1896), \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eadu b\u1ed5 (T\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m \u0111i l\u00e0m ngay).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e1i c\u1eadu b\u00e9 10 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7y t\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, thay v\u00ec theo \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Nho gi\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef h\u00e1n, v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 khoa c\u1eed (h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quan) ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1eadu l\u1ea1i \u2018nh\u1ea9y v\u00e0o\u2019 ti\u1ebfp thu n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c T\u00e2n h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y. V\u00e0, c\u1eadu tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n cho T\u00f2a x\u1ee9 L\u00e0o Cai n\u0103m m\u1edbi 15 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1i m\u00f4i sinh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb l\u00e0m thu\u00ea, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u00f3a in b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u1eadu h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>D\u1ea5u \u1ea5n<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb th\u00f4i mi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u1eadu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn. 18 tu\u1ed5i, c\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea1o r\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft l\u00fd trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0: Gi\u0103ng Gi\u1eafc Rutx\u00f4 (Jean Jacques Rousseau. 1712-1778), l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o khai s\u00e1ng, ng\u1ecdn \u0111u\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1eddi \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p 1789, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u2018The Social Contract\u2019&nbsp;<em>(Kh\u1ebf \u01af\u1edbc X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i)<\/em>, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Quy\u1ec1n Ch\u00ednh Tr\u1ecb.<\/em> R\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1n\u2018Trait\u00e9 de l\u2019Esprit\u2019 <em>(B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt) <\/em>c\u1ee7a Claude AdrienHelv\u00e9tius (1715-1771), r\u1ed3i c\u1ea3 \u2018Esprit d\u00e9 lois\u2019<em> (Tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt) <\/em>c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng T\u00e9cski\u01a1 (Montesquieu 1689-1755)\u2026 <strong><sup>(1)<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018Truy\u1ec7n ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a<\/em> <em>Gi\u0103ng \u0111\u1edd La Ph\u00f4ng-ten\u2019<\/em> (Jean de La Fontaine) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, c\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean khai c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00dd nguy\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tinh hoa \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng trang s\u00e1ch k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean <strong><sup>(2)<\/sup><\/strong>. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng t\u00e2m s\u1ef1: <em>\u201cT\u1eadp d\u1ecbch-v\u0103n n\u00e0y t\u00f4i l\u00e0m ra k\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u n\u0103m l\u1eafm r\u1ed3i, khi c\u00f2n \u00edt tu\u1ed5i, ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m v\u0103n v\u1ea7n bao gi\u1edd, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc qua th\u01a1 La Fontaine c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ea5p ch\u00e1nh n\u00ean v\u1ea7n\u2026\u201d<\/em><sup> <strong>(3)<\/strong><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i con ch\u1eef m\u00e0 theo \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t, h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u00edt \u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t, so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 H\u00e1n v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cao h\u01a1n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1i n\u1ed9i dung qu\u00fd h\u00f3a \u1ea5y <em>\u201cCh\u1eef qu\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u01b0a? C\u00e1i h\u1ea1nh &#8211; ph\u00fac \u1ea5y, c\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1m hay cho h\u1eadu v\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ed5 &#8211; Vi\u1ec7t ta \u1ea5y, l\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u1edf nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c \u2013 ng\u1eef\u201d<\/em> <strong><sup>(4)<\/sup><\/strong>, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb (qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef) \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ra \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 n\u0103m 1907 <strong><sup>(5)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ebfu in c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m hay, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef T\u00e2y, ch\u1eef T\u00e0u, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o s\u1ebd v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi ra sao? N\u00f3i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c, nh\u1eadn ra n\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, n\u00f3 <em>\u201cng\u1ea5m ng\u00eda v\u00e0o trong l\u00f2ng, trong ru\u1ed9t\u201d<\/em> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi sinh ra l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c r\u00eau rao l\u00e0 <em>\u2018man di m\u1ecdi r\u1ee3\u2019<\/em>!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng nh\u1eefng mu\u1ed1n, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft l\u00fd kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 \u2018<em>t\u1ed1i t\u0103m m\u00f9 m\u1ecbt, m\u1ec1m y\u1ebfu \u01b0\u01a1n h\u00e8n<\/em>\u2019<sup> <strong>(6)<\/strong><\/sup>nh\u01b0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh than th\u1edf, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi h\u1ecd c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 \u2018c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc\u2019 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1905, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng mang t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, do \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1edd b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p<em>\u201cCourrier d\u2019Haiphong\u201d<\/em>, ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c l\u1ea1i thuy\u1ebft <em>\u2018Bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c\u2019<\/em> (politique d\u2019association) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 De Monpezat <strong><sup>(7)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1906, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn may m\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111i tham d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba (\u0110\u1ea5u x\u1ea3o) \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ea3ng M\u00e1c X\u00e2y &#8211; Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":4929,\"width\":520,\"height\":363,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/expo_marseille_1906_021.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4929\" width=\"520\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/expo_marseille_1906_021.jpg 700w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/expo_marseille_1906_021-300x210.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><figcaption><em>\u1ea2nh gian h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 M\u00e1c X\u00e2y \u2013 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n<\/em>, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t n\u00fai kh\u00f4n, v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn, ti\u1ebfp thu c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. \u00d4ng n\u1ea3y sinh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, l\u00e0m b\u00e1o, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi 24 tu\u1ed5i <strong><sup>(8)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7 m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra, b\u1edfi l\u1ebd ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ai l\u00e0m n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 xin \u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p th\u00eam ba th\u00e1ng, sau khi h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n Ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o <em>Pierre Vierge<\/em>, hay \u00f4ng<em> Lhermitte <\/em>\u0110\u1ed1c-h\u1ecdc x\u1ee9 Bourg Saint And\u00e9ol, t\u1ec9nh Ard\u00e8che,Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i th\u0103m, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 t\u00f2a b\u00e1o: <em>Le Petit Marseillais <\/em>t\u1ea1i M\u00e1c X\u00e2y, <em>Hachete <\/em>\u1edf Paris, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n <em>Larousse<\/em> (N\u01a1i ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh B\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0) <strong><sup>(9)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh khi vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 t\u1eeb<em> Marseillais<\/em> cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n, r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9c, v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy logic\u2026 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch in.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1907, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, \u00f4ng xin th\u00f4i vi\u1ec7c \u1edf T\u00f2a \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u01a0n Tr\u1eddi, c\u0169ng c\u00e1i n\u0103m b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p Fran\u00e7ois-Henri Schneider, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ebfn Nam k\u1ef3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1882, theo m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, in \u1ea5n, ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ba n\u0103m v\u1edbi H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p <strong><sup>(10)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u00f4ng Ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a <em>Imprimerie typographique de F. H. Schneider <\/em>(C\u00f4ng ty In \u1ea5n ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef typo) l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed7 Th\u1eadn, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 Nho l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng cho C\u00f4ng ty c\u1ee7a Schneider (sau l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1edbi Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ng\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00fac cu\u1ed1n <em>\u2018Lu\u00e2n l\u00fd gi\u00e1o khoa th\u01b0 v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c v\u0103n gi\u00e1o khoa th\u01b0\u2019<\/em>).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi F. H. Schneider, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ng\u00e0nh in, m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m g\u00ec.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh theo \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>D\u1ea5n th\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Khi F. H. Schneider \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh m\u1edbi ra \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d4ng tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng ngh\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n in \u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Nam k\u1ef3, n\u01a1i thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t so v\u1edbi B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Trung k\u1ef3. Xong \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ngh\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 in b\u1eb1ng Ph\u00e1p v\u0103n v\u00e0 H\u00e1n v\u0103n, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Nam, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":4928,\"width\":520,\"height\":347,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/B\u01b0u-thi\u1ebfp-do-F.H.Schneider-th\u1ef1c-hi\u1ec7n-1905.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4928\" width=\"520\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/B\u01b0u-thi\u1ebfp-do-F.H.Schneider-th\u1ef1c-hi\u1ec7n-1905.jpg 760w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/B\u01b0u-thi\u1ebfp-do-F.H.Schneider-th\u1ef1c-hi\u1ec7n-1905-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/B\u01b0u-thi\u1ebfp-do-F.H.Schneider-th\u1ef1c-hi\u1ec7n-1905-120x80.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><figcaption><em>H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 1905<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":4930,\"width\":515,\"height\":338,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/sai_gon-13_kienthuc_YUMB.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4930\" width=\"515\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/sai_gon-13_kienthuc_YUMB.jpg 760w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/sai_gon-13_kienthuc_YUMB-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/sai_gon-13_kienthuc_YUMB-120x80.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 515px) 100vw, 515px\" \/><figcaption><em>\u1ea2nh S\u00e0i G\u00f2n 1901 (ngu\u1ed3n Kienthuc.net)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng! S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho y\u00eau c\u1ea7u doanh s\u1ed1, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kinh doanh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n kh\u00e9p k\u00edn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ngh\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, F. H. Schneider hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>F. H. Schneider g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb \u0111ang s\u1ee5c s\u00f4i lao v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0m v\u0103n h\u00f3a, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb v\u00f4 t\u01b0 lao l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u00e0nh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee7 so\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb \u0111ang khao kh\u00e1t t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri th\u1ee9c, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 in ra c\u00e1c con ch\u1eef.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201c<em>Ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft m\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, th\u00ec m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch, in ra bao nhi\u00eau quy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1i mi\u1ec7ng m\u00ecnh ra b\u1ea5y nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n\u201d<\/em> <strong><sup>(11)<\/sup><\/strong>. Nh\u01b0ng, ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c v\u00e0 hai b\u00e0n tay tr\u1eafng\u2026<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi F. H. Schneider, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>C\u01a1 duy\u00ean l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a d\u1ea1y, <em>ng\u01b0u t\u1ea7m ng\u01b0u, m\u00e3 t\u1ea7m m\u00e3<\/em>! Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ebf t\u1eafc to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u00e8o u\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n, v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ef1c \u0111oan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc d\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n, d\u1ecda n\u1ea1t, thi\u1ebfu l\u00fd tr\u00ed v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng theo c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, say m\u00ea tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9&#8230; Vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn trong khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i m\u1edbi cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, th\u00ec v\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i quy lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, c\u00f3 c\u01a1 duy\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed, c\u0169ng nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng P\u00f4n B\u00f4 (Jean Baptiste Paul Beau &#8211; nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 1902-1908). P\u00f4n B\u00f4, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n, t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p lu\u1eadt khoa, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng khai h\u00f3a, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o d\u00e2n sinh, v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u2018l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y th\u1eb1ng d\u1ea1i\u2019\u2026 cho d\u00f9 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c (\u0110KNT).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed trong ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng khai h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a P\u00f4n B\u00f4, N\u0103m 1907, c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp \u0110KNT. \u0110\u00e0nh r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, trong v\u1ecf m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 th\u1ee5c t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n, l\u00e0m sao qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi \u0111i chinh ph\u1ee5c?!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf cai tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng khi n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y k\u1ebb b\u1ecb tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn con d\u00e2n t\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, r\u1ed3i c\u1ea1nh tranh, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m lung lay v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hai l\u1ea7n c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 g\u1eedi \u0111\u01a1n l\u00ean ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n <strong><sup>(12)<\/sup><\/strong>, xin l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u01b0 th\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng \u00edch, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 danh, t\u1eebng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ebfn Ch\u00e1nh V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng T\u00f2a x\u1ee9 B\u1eafc Giang &#8211; B\u1eafc Ninh (1903), r\u1ed3i Ch\u00e1nh th\u01b0 k\u00fd T\u00f2a \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (1906).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, m\u00e1u d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea9y \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 d\u00e1m cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong \u0110KNT r\u1eb1ng: <em>Ta c\u1ee9 khai gi\u1ea3ng \u0111i, c\u1ee5 c\u1eed Can c\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p, ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ea3m h\u1eadu t\u1ea5u m\u00e0!<\/em> <strong><sup>(13)<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ebfu th\u1eafng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1edd c\u00e1i uy c\u00f3 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e0y d\u1ea1n trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh. M\u1ed1i nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t Nh\u00e0 Nho \u0111\u00e0n anh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu thanh ni\u00ean T\u00e2n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e0n em, th\u1ea7m ph\u1ee5c l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y cai tr\u1ecb, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb <em>\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0<\/em> vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh n\u0103m 1906 g\u1eedi To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nhau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh nh\u1eadn d\u1ecbch to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n <em>\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0<\/em> sang Ph\u00e1p v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ea7u (1920), Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 S\u1eed h\u1ecdc Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u (1935), nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 Chi (1938), \u0111\u1ec1u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh r\u1eb1ng: <em>Vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n c\u00e1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00e1i h\u1ed3n c\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3!<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 c\u1edb nh\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef t\u1eeb H\u00e1n v\u0103n ra Ph\u00e1p v\u0103n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi l\u1ebd, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng, l\u00ean \u00e1n s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7m than c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Nh\u1eefng ai quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh, nhi\u1ec7t t\u00e2m \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb <em>\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0<\/em>, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean m\u1eb7t t\u1edd b\u00e1o in ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p <em>\u201cTribune Indochinoise\u201d<\/em> (Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng) 1907, l\u00e0 t\u1edd b\u00e1o song h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi <em>\u2018\u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng b\u00e1o\u2019<\/em> do \u00f4ng l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i dung v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 30, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 c\u1edb \u0111\u0103ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch <em>\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0 <\/em>tr\u00ean t\u1edd b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p <em>L\u2019Annam Nouveau \u2013 N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam M\u1edbi<\/em> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 do m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":4933,\"width\":318,\"height\":1167,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/06-279x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4933\" width=\"318\" height=\"1167\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/06-279x1024.jpg 279w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/06-82x300.jpg 82w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 318px) 100vw, 318px\" \/><figcaption><em>\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh g\u1eedi To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng 1906, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng l\u1ea1i\u00a0b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p do\u00a0Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh d\u1ecbch, tr\u00ean b\u00e1o L&#8217;Annam Nouveu\u00a0&#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam m\u1edbi s\u1ed1 223 n\u0103m 1933 nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y gi\u1ed7 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp, s\u1ef1 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda, hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 chung \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y h\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p m\u01b0a, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m sau, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh m\u1edbi d\u00e1m \u2018khoe\u2019 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00edt tu\u1ed5i, th\u1eddi \u00f4ng d\u1ecbch<em> \u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0<\/em> r\u1eb1ng:<em>\u201c\u2026\u00d4ng Trinh ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m t\u00f4i \u1edf 39 ph\u1ed1 M\u00e3-m\u00e2y, v\u00e0 ca-t\u1ee5ng t\u00f4i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c\u201d <\/em><strong><sup>(14)<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt n\u00e0y, khi b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p trong Trung T\u00e2m L\u01b0u tr\u1eef H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c gia Ph\u00e1p (CAOM), t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Aix en Provence, m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb quan cai tr\u1ecb \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xem th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a hai nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u2018nguy hi\u1ec3m\u2019 n\u00e0y. C\u00f4ng th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y 3\/10\/1911 vi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i Paris c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201c\u2026T\u1ea1i H\u00e0 n\u1ed9i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt th\u00e2n t\u00edn c\u1ee7a Phan Chu Trinh (ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng n\u00e0y th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady)\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u1ea4n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1911 v\u1eabn nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a n\u0103m 1908. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. H\u1ecd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 cai&nbsp; tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi tinh hoa, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng thay th\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p\u2026\u201d<\/em>. (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch: Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u01b0 Phong)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u0169ng t\u1ea1i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n t\u1ecf ra v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u01b0 duy chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb s\u00e2u xa \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cKh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 Phan Chu Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1907 \u201cc\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n Aguinaldo ?\u201d trong c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m do \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh\u2026\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":4932,\"width\":512,\"height\":683,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/T\u00e0i-li\u1ec7u-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u00e1p-v\u1ec1-PCT-v\u00e0-NVV.jpg-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4932\" width=\"512\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/T\u00e0i-li\u1ec7u-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u00e1p-v\u1ec1-PCT-v\u00e0-NVV.jpg-scaled.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/T\u00e0i-li\u1ec7u-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u00e1p-v\u1ec1-PCT-v\u00e0-NVV.jpg-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption><em>C\u00f4ng th\u01b0 n\u0103m 1911 c\u1ee7a quan ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1eady <em>Aguinaldo <\/em>l\u00e0 ai? V\u00ec sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 lo l\u1eafng khi Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y l\u00ean c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u0110KNT? (Chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ghi ch\u00e9p \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e2u, trong c\u00e1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0110KNT c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e2ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 <em>Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy<\/em> nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Philippine, sinh n\u0103m 1869, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Philippine n\u0103m 1899. V\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, n\u00ean Emilio Aguinaldo \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft n\u0103m 1901, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>H\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110KNT b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda ch\u1ec9 sau ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u00f3 h\u1ea1ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u1eedi v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i gay g\u1eaft t\u1edbi ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Hauser, ngay sau khi \u0110KNT b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda th\u00e1ng 11\/1907 <strong><sup>(15)<\/sup><\/strong>, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1eddi, m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng hay bi\u1ebft. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00ec ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2018tr\u00e1t mi\u1ec7ng\u2019 c\u1ee7a quan tr\u00ean, r\u1eb1ng:<em>\u201cC\u00f4n L\u00f4n c\u00f2n r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed7 l\u1eafm \u0111\u1ea5y\u2026!\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, do s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec3n c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 Nho h\u1ecdc, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n ch\u1eb3ng \u01b0a g\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh do th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ng\u1ee5y Nho v\u00ec \u0103n l\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u1ecd c\u00f2n suy di\u1ec5n r\u1eb1ng, v\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1eebng l\u00e0 k\u1ebb thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p\u2026 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft! Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m sau, Phan Kh\u00f4i (1887-1959) c\u00f2n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft trong \u0110KNT, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t <em>\u2018con chu\u1ed9t\u2019<\/em> tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y\u2026!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ai quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft, r\u1eb1ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ra nh\u1eadp \u2018H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p\u2019. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ea1p khi c\u00f2n \u0111ang \u1edf th\u0103m Paris, sau th\u1eddi gian tham d\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ea5u x\u1ea3o M\u00e1c X\u00e2y 1906.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u00e1ng Ba n\u0103m 1908, Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n b\u1eaft Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00ec l\u00fd do, can d\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng thu\u1ebf \u1edf Trung k\u1ef3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i, v\u00ec l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb <em>\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0<\/em>, hay l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u Phong tr\u00e0o \u0110KNT\u2026!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ef1 ng\u1ee5y bi\u1ec7n k\u00e9m c\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2m th\u00f9 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 v\u00ec t\u1eebng b\u1ecb \u00f4ng k\u1ebft \u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00f4 nh\u1ee5c trong n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb <em>\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0<\/em>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00fd, v\u00ec<em> \u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0<\/em>, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u00e1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u1eb3ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u00ec, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1i Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba nh\u1eabn t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m vinh danh c\u00e1i c\u00f4ng lao c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p, nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c &nbsp;ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng lao l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng T\u01b0 s\u1ea3n 1789.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>M\u00e3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc, v\u00ec t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n v\u0103n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh l\u1eabn Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2018xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u\u2019 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam duy nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 can d\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng m\u1ef1c \u0111en t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh kh\u1ecfi \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n g\u1eedi To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Paul Beau, \u0111\u00f2i tr\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do cho Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00ec v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p <strong><sup>(16)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1925, khi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 danh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n g\u1eedi Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n xin \u00e2n x\u00e1 cho Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat b\u00e1o Nam Phong l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh, song tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 <em>xin \u00e2n x\u00e1!<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh b\u1ecb b\u1eaft n\u0103m 1908, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n g\u1eedi To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: <em>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea3 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00ec v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i!<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u2013 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ee7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ai, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00f2n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 khi Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh c\u00f9ng Phan V\u0103n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0<em> T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u00c1i qu\u1ed1c <\/em>\u1edf Paris, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list {\"ordered\":true,\"type\":\"1\"} -->\n<ol type=\"1\"><li><em>\u201cM\u1ed9t gi\u1edd v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh\u201d, Tin V\u0103n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 28\/7\/1935.<\/em><\/li><li><em>\u201c\u0110\u0103ng c\u1ed5 t\u00f9ng b\u00e1o, No 821, Jeudi, 10 Octobre 1907\u201d, <\/em><em>TRUY\u1ec6N: CON CH\u00d3-S\u00d3I V\u00c0 CON CHI\u00caN CON. <\/em><em>D\u1ecbch \u1edf t\u1eadp th\u01a1 D\u0129-v\u1eadt-gi\u00e1o-nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng La Fontaine l\u00e0m ra, TNT.<\/em><em><\/em><\/li><li><em>L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a \u2018Th\u01a1 ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n La Fontaine\u2019 Trung t\u00e2m \u00c2u T\u00e2y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n 1926 HN \u2013 C\u1ea3o Th\u01a1m SG t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n 1951.<\/em><em><\/em><\/li><li><em>L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a \u2018Tam Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00ed di\u1ec5n ngh\u0129a\u2019, do Phan K\u1ebf B\u00ednh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb H\u00e1n v\u0103n ra Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1909 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/em><em><\/em><\/li><li><em>\u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o, ra s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u 28\/3\/1907 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Th\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c H\u1eadu b\u1ed5 &#8211; Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh 1906.<\/em><\/li><li><em>(Ch\u00fa th\u00edch 1).<\/em><\/li><li><em>Th\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb MARSEILLAIS g\u1eedi cho Ph\u1ea1m Duy T\u1ed1n ng\u00e0y 27\/6\/1906 \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi \u2013 NXB Tr\u00ed Th\u1ee9c- 2017.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Th\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh g\u1eedi Ph\u1ea1m Duy T\u1ed1n v\u00e0 l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Ph\u1ea1m Huy L\u1ee5c (B\u1ea3n l\u01b0u gia \u0111\u00ecnh).<\/em><\/li><li><em>Fran\u00e7ois-Henri Schneider (1851-1929), chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c V\u0103n h\u00f3a RFI, 7\/8\/2015 Thu H\u1eb1ng.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Di\u1ec5n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i d\u1ecbch s\u00e1ch, t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i Qu\u00e1n Tr\u00ed Tri \u1edf 59 (nay l\u00e0 47) ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng Qu\u1ea1t, ng\u00e0y 4\/8\/1907. B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean \u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 15 v\u00e0 22\/8\/1907.<\/em><\/li><li><em>&nbsp;Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o Nguy\u1ec5n Vinh Ph\u00fac, chuy\u00ean gia s\u1eed h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, &nbsp;trong b\u1ed9 phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u201cM\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0m v\u1ec1 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Man di hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d 2007.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Th\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh g\u1eedi ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Hauser 11\/12\/1907. CAOM<\/em><\/li><li><em>(Xem Ch\u00fa th\u00edch 1).<\/em><\/li><li><em>(Xem ch\u00fa th\u00edch 12)<\/em><\/li><li><em>Nh\u1ea5t T\u00e2m \u2013 NXB Khoa h\u1ecdc X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, trang 73.<\/em><\/li><\/ol>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>H\u1ebft b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 hai trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u2013 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4843\">\u00d4ng \u2018C\u1ea6U LONG BI\u00caN\u2019 \u2013 PAUL DOUMER<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4886\">L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec \u0111\u00e3 N\u00d3I G\u00cc, v\u00e0 S\u1ebc N\u00d3I G\u00cc v\u1ec1 NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH \u2013 PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U?<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u1ea2NH H\u01af\u1edeNG c\u1ee7a PHAN CH\u00c2U TRINH t\u1edbi NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH. B\u00e0i 1 N\u0103m 1906, khi Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111\u00e3 34 tu\u1ed5i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a. V\u1ed1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb c\u00f3 t\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm cho m\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i, \u00f4ng [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":4934,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Scan-Expo-coloniale-3-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4927"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4927"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8144,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4927\/revisions\/8144"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4934"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}