{"id":4527,"date":"2019-12-29T12:36:16","date_gmt":"2019-12-29T05:36:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4527"},"modified":"2024-02-05T00:33:07","modified_gmt":"2024-02-04T17:33:07","slug":"mot-doi-nguoi-cho-ly-tuong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4527","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed8T \u0110\u1edcI NG\u01af\u1edcI CHO L\u00dd T\u01af\u1edeNG"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4527\" class=\"elementor elementor-4527\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ab57207 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ab57207\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d7f5697 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d7f5697\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 07-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=4552\">B\u00e0i ti\u1ebfng Anh<\/a> <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u01b0a c\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0y 28 v\u00e0 29 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi Hai 2019, H\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 <strong>&#8216;100 n\u0103m ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong>&#8216;.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ban  T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng m\u1eddi \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n B\u00ecnh, nh\u00e2n danh l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m trang tin chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a  ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef. BBT ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c  qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, to\u00e0n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n tham lu\u1eadn do \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n B\u00ecnh tr\u00ecnh  b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>B\u1ea3n tham lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in trong k\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi BBT ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1edd c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef sang ti\u1ebfng Anh.&nbsp;Do  \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee9  li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian  g\u1ea5p g\u00e1p, n\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef ch\u01b0a th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft  khe c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt.&nbsp;Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho  c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf xa qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00edt d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u0169ng c\u00f3  th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, n\u00ean BBT ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c  m\u1ea1nh d\u1ea1n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Anh. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t, xin c\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0  c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.Bi\u1ebft \u01a1n T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a, Tr\u1eddi, Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t n\u0103m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, n\u0103m 2019.&nbsp;Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m \u01a1n s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n trong n\u0103m qua \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi trang tin Tannamtu.com!&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eb9n c\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i dung trang tin.K\u00ednh ch\u00fac c\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3n n\u0103m m\u1edbi vui v\u1ebb, kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/BBT.TNT.com\">BBT.TNT.com<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<p style=\"text-align:center\"><strong>L\u00dd T\u01af\u1edeNG S\u1ed0NG C\u00d2N C\u1ee6A NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N V\u0128NH (1882-1936)<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<p style=\"text-align:center\"><strong>V\u1edaI S\u1ef0 NGHI\u1ec6P PH\u1ed4 C\u1eacP CH\u1eee QU\u1ed0C NG\u1eee \u0110\u1ea6U TK 20 \u1ede VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"align\":\"right\"} -->\n<p style=\"text-align:right\"><strong>Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n B\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>1. B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o\nph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd gi\u1eefa ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00f3i v\u00e0 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft\nm\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i Latin \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i\n\u00e2m gi\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\nthu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n\nthi\u1ec7n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ea1o\nThi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>H\u01a1n 200 n\u0103m sau, n\u0103m 1858, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n\nPh\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c cai tr\u1ecb \u1edf m\u1ed9t x\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba m\u1edbi, g\u1eb7p\nnhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong ho\u1ea1t\n\u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. S\u1ef1 \u0111an xen gi\u1eefa ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m do l\u1ecbch s\u1eed phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i\nc\u00f9ng ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p, c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m cho k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb l\u00fang t\u00fang d\u1eabn t\u1edbi kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\nh\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, v\u0103n t\u1ef1.&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\u1ecbch\ns\u1eed xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129nh K\u00fd (1837 &#8211; 1898), ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c si\u00eau ph\u00e0m v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed\ntu\u1ec7, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tham gia xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1edd <em>Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh B\u00e1o <\/em>l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u00e1o in ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i Latin \u0111\u1ea7u\nti\u00ean \u1edf Nam K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nam\nK\u1ef3, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng quy ch\u1ebf thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi Trung K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 theo\nquy ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u1ef1c\nt\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ba mi\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7\nXIX, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u00e1o\nch\u00ed \u1edf d\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m xa l\u1ea1 so v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Nho h\u1ecdc phong\nki\u1ebfn d\u00f9ng H\u00e1n v\u0103n \u1edf Trung v\u00e0 B\u1eafc K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1edbi\n118 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, Petrus K\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u1ecdc\nv\u1ea5n, tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0\nt\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u1eed h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p (<em>Petit Cours d\u2019histoire d\u2019Anam, <\/em>xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n 1875\/1877), v\u00e0 2 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m\nvi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 <em>Truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t Nam K\u1ef3\nl\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u00e0ng Trong <\/em>(1864), v\u00e0 <em>\u0110\u1ea1i Nam\nVi\u1ec7t qu\u1ed1c tri\u1ec1u s\u1eed k\u00fd<\/em> (1879).\n\nTr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129nh K\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed1c\ns\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eb1m qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng\nch\u1eef c\u00e1i Latin, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay, t\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 520 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o (qu\u1eadn 5, Th\u00e0nh\nph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh), kh\u00e1ch th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng n\u01a1i an ngh\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Nam K\u1ef3\n\u0111\u1ec1u b\u0103n kho\u0103n v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef Latin tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0o: \u201c<em>Miseremini mei saltem vos acimic mei<\/em>\u201d (Xin h\u00e3y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4i, \u00edt ra l\u00e0\nnh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i).\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":4526,\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":380,\"height\":506} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/8.-L\u0103ng-m\u1ed9-Petrus-K\u00fd-t\u1ea1i-SG.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4526\" width=\"380\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/8.-L\u0103ng-m\u1ed9-Petrus-K\u00fd-t\u1ea1i-SG.jpg 500w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/8.-L\u0103ng-m\u1ed9-Petrus-K\u00fd-t\u1ea1i-SG-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><figcaption>K<em>hu m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129nh k\u00fd t\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 520 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, qu\u1eadn 5, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u1eadt\nbu\u1ed3n, khi nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong\nvi\u1ec7c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a con ch\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i Latin, m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc\ns\u1ef1 H\u00e1n h\u00f3a ng\u00e0n n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Hoa phong ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng\nth\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y cay \u0111\u1eafng, khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i th\u01a1 cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ean <em>Cu\u1ed1n s\u1ed5 b\u00ecnh sanh <\/em>(Po\u00e9sie in extremis)c\u1ee7a\nTr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129nh K\u00fd, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u v\u0103n x\u00f3t xa \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn, nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u2026 <em>H\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c g\u1edfi t\u00ean: con m\u1ecdt s\u00e1ch&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>C\u00f4ng danh r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1i quan\nt\u00e0i<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>&#8230; R\u1eb1ng tuy \u0103n \u1edf c\u00f9ng T\u1ea7n<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>B\u00e2ng khu\u00e2ng nh\u1edb H\u00e1n mu\u00f4n\nph\u1ea7n x\u00f3t xa<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\u1ecbch\ns\u1eed lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1edb tr\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0\n\u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nam\nK\u1ef3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y cai tr\u1ecb theo t\u01b0 duy\nv\u00f5 bi\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t, \u00e9p b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u2018ph\u1ea3i\u2019 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef trong\ngiao d\u1ecbch v\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p> N\u0103m 1869, Ph\u00f3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c Marie Gustave Hector Ohier k\u00fd ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh bu\u1ed9c d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef thay th\u1ebf&nbsp;ch\u1eef Nho&nbsp;trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng v\u0103n \u1edf&nbsp;Nam K\u1ef3. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 82, k\u00fd ng\u00e0y 6\/4\/1878 c\u1ee7a&nbsp;Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c Nam K\u1ef3&nbsp;Lafont, \u0111\u00f2i d\u00e2n ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n h\u1eb3n vi\u1ec7c giao d\u1ecbch v\u0103n b\u1ea3n sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef v\u1edbi th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 4 n\u0103m , t\u1ee9c 1882.[1] <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ef1\n\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh\ntr\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft\u2026 N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng lan t\u1ecfa, kh\u00f4ng sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y\nn\u1edf, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t mi\u1ec1n Trung, n\u01a1i tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh phong ki\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o\nth\u1ee7 c\u1eafm ch\u1ed1t, n\u00f3i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 xa x\u00f4i hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc\u2026<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i\nth\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m\nv\u1ec1 ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, s\u00e1ch in\u2026l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng\nquan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng tin, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n\nlo\u1ea1i, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u1edf Trung v\u00e0 B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1eb3n n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>2.\nB\u1eafc K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Tr\u00ean\nm\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 28\/7\/1935 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Th\u00e1i Ph\u1ec9 (Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c\nPhong), ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat t\u1edd b\u00e1o <em>Tin V\u0103n <\/em>\u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh nh\u00e2n danh l\u00e0\nng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u1edf B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 (1907), v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ecbch\nthu\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. B\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o <em>Tin V\u0103n <\/em>\u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean 9 trang\nb\u00e1o li\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>M\u1ecdi\nng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi th\u1ea5y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u00e2m s\u1ef1:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c<em>T\u00f4i\nh\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i th\u00fa th\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1eef\nH\u00e1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Phan-h\u1eefu-\u0110\u1ea1i c\u0169ng l\u1eafm. T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh-th\u1ef1c n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u1ee5\nPhan-h\u1eefu-\u0110\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n-tri\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2026 M\u00e0 \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi\nb\u1ea5y gi\u1edd c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nho ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Khang h\u1eefu-Vi v\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng\nkh\u1ea3i-Si\u00eau m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018t\u00e2n th\u01b0\u2019 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1eefng t\u01b0-t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n-quy\u1ec1n r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5y.\nTh\u1ebf ri\u00eang c\u1ee5 Phan h\u1eefu-\u0110\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng t\u01b0-t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng \u00fd-ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i \u0111em\nra vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, khi \u1ea5y, c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ed3i. Tuy v\u1eady c\u1ee5 th\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ecbch-s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc\nPh\u00e1p \u1edf ngay ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p di\u1ec5n n\u00f4m ra. <\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Chi\u1ec1u \u00fd c\u1ee5, t\u00f4i li\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n Ph\u00e1p-s\u1eed ra qu\u1ed1c-ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc cho c\u1ee5 nghe. C\u00e1i \u00fd-ki\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch s\u00e1ch t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i n\u1ea3y ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1899 v\u00e0 1900, khi m\u1edbi c\u00f3 17, 18 tu\u1ed5i t\u00f4i c\u1ea3 gan d\u1ecbch \u2018Contrat social\u2019 c\u1ee7a J.J. Rousseau v\u00e0 \u2018Esprit d\u00e9 lois\u2019 c\u1ee7a Montesquieu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n d\u1ef1c V\u0103n, k\u00fd-l\u1ee5c, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u1edf B\u1eafc-Ninh khuy\u1ebfn-kh\u00edch. \u00d4ng V\u0103n \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch \u1ea5y \u1edf c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch D\u00e2n-\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 V\u1ea1n-ph\u00e1p tinh-l\u00fd hay Ph\u00e1p-\u00fd c\u1ee7a T\u00e0u d\u1ecbch \u1edf s\u00e1ch t\u00e2y ra, r\u1ed3i \u0111em so-s\u00e1nh hai b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch th\u00ec th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang. Tuy v\u1eady, th\u1ea5y ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd, hai ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i \u0111em ra b\u00e0n-b\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00e1i tr\u00ed ph\u00ea-b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5y. T\u00f4i l\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch c\u1ea3 t\u1eadp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t cu\u1ed1n \u2018Trait\u00e9 de l\u2019Esprit\u2019 c\u1ee7a Helv\u00e9tius n\u1eefa. H\u1ed3i \u1ea5y nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1905<\/em>\u201d.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":4531,\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":342,\"height\":464} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5-A.-B\u00e1o-TIN-V\u0102N-1935.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4531\" width=\"342\" height=\"464\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5-A.-B\u00e1o-TIN-V\u0102N-1935.jpg 236w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5-A.-B\u00e1o-TIN-V\u0102N-1935-221x300.jpg 221w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 342px) 100vw, 342px\" \/><figcaption> <em>B\u00e1o Tin V\u0103n n\u0103m 1935<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:separator -->\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n<!-- \/wp:separator -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi may m\u1eafn khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb l\u00fac 15 tu\u1ed5i cho T\u00f2a x\u1ee9\nLao Cai (1897), r\u1ed3i T\u00f2a x\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng (1898 &#8211; 1903), l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh\ncai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1i n\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u00e1p. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u0169ng\nch\u00ednh c\u00e1i m\u00f4i sinh v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea5y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u1ecdc\n\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng qua s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o\nti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi? Th\u1ebf\nn\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, v\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 <em>t\u1ef1 do, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/em> v\u00e0 <em>b\u00e1c \u00e1i<\/em>?<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng\nv\u00f4 c\u1edb n\u0103m 1907, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh (1872 &#8211; 1926) nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed5i danh, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn\nt\u1eadn nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u1edf 39 ph\u1ed1 M\u00e3 M\u00e2y, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c\nv\u00e0 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n do \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb\u0111\u00f2i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ebft\nb\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng g\u1eedi To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <em>\u0110\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh\nph\u1ee7 th\u01b0<\/em>, hay <em>Th\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c h\u1eadu b\u1ed5 <\/em>(Lettre de Phan Chu Trinh au\ngouverneur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral en 1906).\n\nNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3\nc\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, tham d\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba (\u0111\u1ea5u x\u1ea3o) \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1\nc\u1ea3ng Marseille n\u0103m 1906. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng\nnghi\u1ec7p in \u1ea5n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf qu\u00e1 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Kho\u1ea3nh\nkh\u1eafc l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u01b0a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u1ebfn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\nl\u00e0m v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. \n\n\n\n<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":4530,\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":561,\"height\":388} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/3.-Nguy\u1ec5n-V\u0103n-V\u0129nh-t\u1ea1i-H\u1ed9i-ch\u1ee3-thu\u1ed9c-\u0111\u1ecba-M\u00e1c-X\u00e2y-1906.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4530\" width=\"561\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/3.-Nguy\u1ec5n-V\u0103n-V\u0129nh-t\u1ea1i-H\u1ed9i-ch\u1ee3-thu\u1ed9c-\u0111\u1ecba-M\u00e1c-X\u00e2y-1906.jpg.jpg 700w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/3.-Nguy\u1ec5n-V\u0103n-V\u0129nh-t\u1ea1i-H\u1ed9i-ch\u1ee3-thu\u1ed9c-\u0111\u1ecba-M\u00e1c-X\u00e2y-1906.jpg-300x208.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\" \/><figcaption>  <em>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u2018ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 ph\u1edbt tr\u1eafng\u2019 v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 M\u00e1c X\u00e2y 1906<\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ri\u00eang, v\u1eady l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc\n\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i vi\u1ebft ra tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y? Theo \u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\nkh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 u m\u00ea, l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o.\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra sinh kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n\nV\u0129nh ta th\u00e1n: <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c<em>Ch\u1eef\nqu\u1ed1c-ng\u1eef c\u00f3 non n\u1eeda th\u1ebf-k\u1ef7 m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u00edt d\u00f9ng <\/em>[nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c\nMarie Gustave Hector Ohier k\u00fd n\u0103m 1869], <em>v\u00ec v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb tr\u00e1t, v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 theo\nl\u1ec7 c\u1ed5 d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef nho\u2026 Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb binh ch\u1eef nho n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: ch\u1eef nho ngh\u0129a l\u00fd\ns\u00e2u-s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra v\u0103n-b\u00e0i hay. Ta t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1i s\u00e2u-s\u1eafc b\u1edfi \u1edf s\u1ef1 d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef m\u00e0\nra\u2026 C\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c Kh\u1ed5ng-t\u1eed cho n\u00ean mu\u1ed1n d\u1eef ch\u1eef nho\u2026 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c\nKh\u1ed5ng th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 hay, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3n-qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e0n-\u00f4ng,\n\u0111\u00e0n-b\u00e0, con-tr\u1ebb c\u0169ng nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i; h\u00e0 t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee9 gi\u1eef ch\u1eef nho m\u1ea5y h\u1ecdc\n\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ai bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef nho th\u00ec m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c du?<\/em>\u201d.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch in l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3\nchuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1edd ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00f3 \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o\nn\u00e0y trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb Marseille ng\u00e0y 27\/6\/1906, g\u1eedi cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\nl\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Duy T\u1ed1n (1883 &#8211; 1924) \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, khi \u00f4ng quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y\nin, c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c gian h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3. \u00d4ng quy\u1ebft s\u1ebd\ntheo \u0111u\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef qua\nph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c\u2026\n<em>ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh b\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e1. Mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 qu\u00e1.\nCh\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eadn ch\u00fang ta thua k\u00e9m c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eadn l\u1ed7i\nc\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 g\u00ec cho cam!<\/em>\u2026 <em>Ng\u1ed3i m\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i\ns\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 g\u00e2y l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t\n\u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i sung s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng. Cha m\u1eb9, anh em, v\u1ee3 con, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u phai nh\u00f2a\ntr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng vui th\u00edch \u00eam \u00e1i nh\u1ea5t<\/em>\u2026\u201d.<sup>4<\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>3.\nNh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i\nn\u0103m 1906, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng tin, r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng\nminh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i Latin d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o, v\u00e0\nn\u00f3 hay \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o\u2026?!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng\n\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam ch\u1ecbu s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi hai t\u1ea7ng \u00e1p\nb\u1ee9c l\u00e0 phong ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00ec h\u1ecd thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft\n\u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n g\u00ec?<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>H\u00e3y\ngi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn\nb\u1ed9 do ch\u00ednh k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb \u0111em t\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh b\u1eaft tay th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng\nkh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ti\u00ean phong c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi trong c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9ng\nvi\u00ean d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. H\u1ecd gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft, gay g\u1eaft\n\u0111\u00f2i nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i cai tr\u1ecb, quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n\nsinh, ph\u1ea3i tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 quan l\u1ea1i nh\u0169ng l\u1ea1m, \u0103n h\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ec9a mai thay,\nnh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 h\u00f4 h\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef qu\u00e1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng\nkh\u00e1c c\u1ea3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t\nc\u00f4ng, mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103m t\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u01a1 b\u1eafp, t\u1ed5\nch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i bang, h\u00f2ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea5m no,\nh\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u2026.\n\nNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, k\u1ebb\n\u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u00f2n m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m &#8211; \u0111\u00f4i m\u01b0\u01a1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi\nhi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ed3ng\nhoang v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX &#8211; \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e1m vi\u1ebft\ncu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef: \u2018D\u00c2N \u0110\u1ea0O v\u00e0 D\u00c2N\nQUY\u1ec0N\u2019 &#8211; \u201c<em>M\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng\n\u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng<\/em>\u201d.<sup>5<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":4533,\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":438,\"height\":717} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/7.-D\u00e2n-\u0111\u1ea1o-v\u00e0-D\u00e2n-quy\u1ec1n-c\u1ee7a-NVV-625x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4533\" width=\"438\" height=\"717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/7.-D\u00e2n-\u0111\u1ea1o-v\u00e0-D\u00e2n-quy\u1ec1n-c\u1ee7a-NVV-625x1024.jpg 625w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/7.-D\u00e2n-\u0111\u1ea1o-v\u00e0-D\u00e2n-quy\u1ec1n-c\u1ee7a-NVV-183x300.jpg 183w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/7.-D\u00e2n-\u0111\u1ea1o-v\u00e0-D\u00e2n-quy\u1ec1n-c\u1ee7a-NVV-768x1259.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/7.-D\u00e2n-\u0111\u1ea1o-v\u00e0-D\u00e2n-quy\u1ec1n-c\u1ee7a-NVV.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/><figcaption> <em>Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch D\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 D\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n <\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng\nNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd\n\u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o?! <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 d\u00e8m pha, c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1c Nho s\u0129, quan l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng\nk\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb phong ki\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb\nd\u00e8 b\u1ec9u: <em>ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng k\u00fd t\u1ef1 Latin l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i bang, c\u1ee7a\nb\u1ecdn x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2026!<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u0169ng\nnh\u01b0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ee9c \u1ef3, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t nhu nh\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u00edch k\u1ef7\nc\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, \u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp\nthu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Trong\nl\u1eddi t\u1ef1a cu\u1ed1n <em>Tam qu\u1ed1c ch\u00ed di\u1ec5n ngh\u0129a <\/em>do \u00f4ng v\u00e0 Phan K\u1ebf B\u00ednh (1875 &#8211; 1921)\nd\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ch\u1eef H\u00e1n ra Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u0103m 1909, \u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i\ngi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c<em>C\u00e1i\nh\u1ea1nh-ph\u00fac \u1ea5y, c\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1m hay cho h\u1eadu v\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ed5-Vi\u1ec7t ta \u1ea5y, l\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u1edf nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef\nqu\u1ed1c-ng\u1eef. Ch\u1eef \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 hay thay! m\u00e0 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc thay! g\u1ed1c hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ba ch\u1eef, n\u0103m d\u1ea5u\nsoay v\u1ea7n, m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam bao nhi\u00eau c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7\u2026<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u\nm\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean <em>\u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o <\/em>ng\u00e0y 28\/3\/1907, khi h\u00f4 h\u00e0o d\u00e2n ch\u00fang\nh\u1ecdc ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c<em>S\u00e1ng\n\u00fd th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, ngu \u0111\u1ea7n th\u00ec trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng\nc\u00f2n k\u00eau g\u1ecdi: <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c<em>\u1ede\nth\u1ebf-dan n\u00e0y, xem trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u0103n-minh, l\u00e0 c\u0169ng\nc\u00f3 v\u0103n-ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ea3, ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. M\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u0103n-minh\nng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em><em> <\/em><em>ta c\u0169ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ra, v\u00ec ch\u1eef\nc\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i th\u00ec m\u1edbi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 hay \u0111i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ai ai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecdc\n\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3<\/em>\u201d.6<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u0169ng\nn\u0103m 1907, d\u00f9 m\u1edbi 25 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4i vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. \u00d4ng\nkh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u00edch\n\u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3\ntri th\u1ee9c, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, nh\u1eb1m thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadn m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn. \u00d4ng l\u00ean \u00e1n ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng phong\nki\u1ebfn coi <em>d\u00e2n ch\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1edb, vua quan l\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9 d\u00e2n<\/em> (Vua &#8211; T\u00f4i)!7<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1edbi hai b\u00e0n tay tr\u1eafng, kh\u00f4ng v\u1ed1n li\u1ebfng nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a\nm\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng d\u00e1m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p g\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ee9c &#8211;\nFran\u00e7ois Henry Schneider(1831 &#8211; 1929) &#8211; l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh in v\u00e0\nxu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf Nam K\u1ef3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1882 v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng 3 n\u0103m, k\u00fd v\u1edbi H\u1ea3i\nqu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p8 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 in v\u00e0\nxu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf Nam K\u1ef3. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Schneider\u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129nh K\u00fd v\u00e0 Hu\u1ef3nh T\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a (1830\n&#8211; 1908), song \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3\nk\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn 6 l\u1ea7n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac g\u1eb7p Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1edbi\ndanh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1i t\u00e2n h\u1ecdc, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 giao du c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u1ed9i\n\u0111o\u00e0n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n s\u0129 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i danh nh\u01b0: Phan K\u1ebf B\u00ednh, D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u00e1 Tr\u1ea1c\n(1884 &#8211; 1944), Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ed7 M\u1ee5c (1882 &#8211; 1951), Ho\u00e0ng T\u0103ng B\u00ed (1883 &#8211; 1939), Ph\u1ea1m\nDuy T\u1ed1n (1881 &#8211; 1924), Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim (1883 &#8211; 1953)\u2026 c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong v\u00e0 sau\n\u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c (1907). <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>S\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n \u00fd c\u1ee7a To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Paul Beau (1857 &#8211; 1927) v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat t\u1edd b\u00e1o in ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 &#8211; t\u1edd <em>\u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o<\/em>, ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1907.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng\n\u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafc d\u1ee5ng. T\u1edd b\u00e1o nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 xe\nv\u0103n h\u00f3a, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c hai b\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i. Ph\u00eda\nSchneider c\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd, c\u00f2n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ed5\nbi\u1ebfn ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng k\u00fd t\u1ef1 Latin cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng\nl\u1ef1c, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng h\u00fay t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u00d4ng\n\u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 vi\u1ec7c d\u00e2n ch\u00fang h\u00e3y s\u1eed\nd\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft <em>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Annam n\u00ean vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef Annam<\/em>9, \u00f4ng coi t\u1edd b\u00e1o l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9\nch\u1eef vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u1edd\n\u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn t\u1edd b\u00e1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n\nV\u0129nh tin r\u1eb1ng, khi \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef\nvi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00f4ng\nt\u01b0 \u2026.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng\nkhi nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, th\u1eadt tr\u1edb tr\u00eau v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t\nNam, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e2n H\u00e1n, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y\n\u0111\u00e3 quy k\u1ebft Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3, l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ra s\u1ee9c c\u1ed5 x\u00fay ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee9t\nm\u1ea1ch v\u0103n h\u00f3a H\u00e1n &#8211; N\u00f4m, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 H\u00e1n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n danh c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>4.\nC\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft qu\u1ed1c\nng\u1eef<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh theo \u0111u\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, \u00f4ng d\u00f9ng b\u00e1o ch\u00ed\nt\u1eeb khi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a\nNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a <em>\u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o <\/em>(1907)\n\u1edf B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>1.\nVi\u1ebft b\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu\nk\u00e9m, l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, khoa h\u1ecdc\u2026 B\u1eb1ng\nm\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n phong gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ed1i\ntho\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng <strong><em>khai d\u00e2n tr\u00ed<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>2.\nN\u00eau nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 danh, nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin\nli\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n\nlu\u1eadn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 sau b\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng t\u1eeb khi c\u00f3\nphong tr\u00e0o, nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 nguy h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n tr\u00ed b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t, t\u01b0\nt\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh\nNgh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng <strong><em>ch\u1ea5n d\u00e2n kh\u00ed<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>3.\nCh\u1ee9ng minh v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n, kh\u00e1t khao thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n\nx\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u1edf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, th\u00f4ng qua\nvi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c danh nh\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, m\u1edf mang\nth\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan, nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng <strong><em>h\u1eadu\nd\u00e2n sinh<\/em>. <\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>4.\n\u0110\u0103ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a\nnh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u1edd b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.\n\n5. D\u1ecbch ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c\nb\u00e0i th\u01a1 ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a La Fontaine t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu, b\u00eanh\nv\u1ef1c l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i, khinh b\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c. \u201c<em>\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i\ngi\u1eefa ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/em>\u201d.1<sup>0<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":4524,\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":549,\"height\":390} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/posterNVVinh-1-1024x729.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4524\" width=\"549\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/posterNVVinh-1-1024x729.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/posterNVVinh-1-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/posterNVVinh-1-768x547.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/posterNVVinh-1.jpg 1159w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 549px) 100vw, 549px\" \/><figcaption> <em>\u00c1p ph\u00edch c\u1ee7a Francophonie v\u1edbi l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Abdou Diouf 2008<\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Song,\n\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n\nnh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n v\u1ea7n, c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3\nh\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u01a1 m\u1edbi cho n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u quan ni\u1ec7m\n\u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi t\u00e2m l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 d\u00ed d\u1ecfm, h\u00e0i \u01b0\u1edbc trong\nn\u1ed9i dung t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o <\/em>l\u00e0\nb\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00ed ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, l\u00e0 l\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u tri\u1ec7u v\u1edbi\nd\u00e2n ch\u00fang An Nam, r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u1eef, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec\nc\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ee9ng minh, cu\u1ed9c\ns\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, <em>\u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o <\/em>l\u00e0\nm\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n n\u1eeda th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, n\u1eeda phong ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi\nta th\u1ea5y, trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ng\u00e0y 3\/10\/1911 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng Th\u01b0 k\u00fd H\u1ed9i s\u1edf qu\u1ed1c gia truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1\nti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p (\u1edf 186,\n\u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 Saint Germain, Paris), trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean\nquan gi\u1eefa Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u1edbi \u1ee6y h\u1ed9i Paul-Bert n\u00eau nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u201c<em>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i\nng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 Phan Chu Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1907, \u2018C\u00e2u\nchuy\u1ec7n Aguinaldo\u2019 trong c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m do \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh\u2026<\/em>\u201d.<sup>11<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Sau\nb\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh g\u1eb7p ngay s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e0n \u00e1c\nc\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t d\u1eadp t\u1eaft \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda <em>\u0110\u0103ng\nC\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o<\/em>, \u0111\u1ee9a con \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Trung K\u1ef3.<sup>12<\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nao n\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. Quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u00f4ng v\u1edbi F.H.\nSchneider c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ef1 h\u01b0ng ph\u1ea5n sau g\u1ea7n 20 n\u0103m\nt\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra cu\u1ed9c k\u1ebft duy\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u01b0 hai n\u1eeda c\u1ea7n nhu\u2026.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m\n1908, h\u1ecd ra t\u1edd b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p <em>Notre Journal <\/em>(T\u1edd b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta), v\u00e0\nn\u0103m 1910 ra t\u1edd <em>Notre Revue <\/em>(T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed\nc\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta). L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, tr\u00ean hai t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u\nv\u1ec1 ch\u00f9a H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 <em>Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u<\/em> c\u1ee7a\nNguy\u1ec5n Du, l\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 phi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a\nng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1911, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e3ng\nph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng), F.H.Schneider \u0111\u01b0a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0o\nS\u00e0i G\u00f2n, tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho <em>L\u1ee5c T\u1ec9nh T\u00e2n V\u0103n<\/em>,\nt\u1edd b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t do Schneider t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb 1907.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i\nl\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed7 xe v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng lao\nv\u00e0o d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng\nt\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. \u00d4ng coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0\nc\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u0103n xu\u00f4i ti\u1ebfng\nVi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m 1912, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3\nxin g\u1eb7p Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 b\u1ed9 H\u1ecdc (B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c) Cao Xu\u00e2n D\u1ee5c (1843 &#8211; 1923) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u\n\u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf. \u00d4ng hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n ai h\u1ebft, uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng\nph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Nho h\u1ecdc. Cao\nXu\u00e2n D\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i gay g\u1eaft d\u00f9ng Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef thay ch\u1eef\nH\u00e1n. T\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i g\u1eb7p quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng ng\u00e0i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 m\u1ed9t\ncu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch <em>C\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef<\/em>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, khi nh\u1eadn tin, t\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 trao ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng\ncho c\u00e1c th\u00ed sinh c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c T\u1eed Gi\u00e1m (Hu\u1ebf) ng\u00e0y 22\/6\/1913, H\u1ecdc b\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng\nth\u01b0 Cao Xu\u00e2n D\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef.\nNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e3i b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c<em>Ng\u00e0y nay quan H\u1ecdc-b\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng-th\u01b0 ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng ngay ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c-ng\u1eef m\u00e0 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u00e0ng-h\u1ecdc to nh\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee7-nh\u00e2n l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m h\u00e2n-h\u1ea1nh, kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9 cho Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00f9ng m\u1edbi, cao sang quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em>\u201d.<sup>13<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u0169ng l\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Trung\nK\u1ef3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng,&nbsp;\n\u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Quang Ph\u1ee5c H\u1ed9i do Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Theo \u00fd ch\u00ed ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a\nNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u1ed1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u00f4n h\u00f2a,\nvi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Phan\nCh\u00e2u Trinh khi ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng 1895, \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau l\u00ean\nr\u1eb1ng:&nbsp;\u201c<em>D\u00f9ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u1ed3i, ch\u1eb3ng\n\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh mong mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a tri th\u1ee9c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n\nm\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng, d\u00f9 \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u00ednh\nph\u1ee7 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 cay c\u00fa nh\u1eadn ra, r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef, l\u00e0\nr\u00e0o c\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c cai tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. H\u1ecd kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p cho ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1edd b\u00e1o thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\n\u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean <em>\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed <\/em>v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1913, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p t\u00e2m l\u00fd x\u00e3\nh\u1ed9i.<sup>14<\/sup> <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cu\u1ed9c\ns\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p gi\u1eefa m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3, gi\u1eefa k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ebb b\u1ecb tr\u1ecb.\nNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh th\u00eam m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0n v\u00e0ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat c\u1ee7a <em>\u0110\u00f4ng\nD\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed<\/em>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c\u2026\n<em>\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed&nbsp;\u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c&nbsp;t\u00ecm\nc\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef trong m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh\nv\u0103n trong c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed c\u0169ng truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u00c2u T\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch\nd\u1ecbch nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m hay v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u00c1 \u0110\u00f4ng tr\u00ean tinh\nth\u1ea7n m\u1edbi. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, t\u1edd<\/em><em> <\/em><em>b\u00e1o\nc\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 l\u1edbn trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc 30 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf\nk\u1ef7&nbsp;XX\u2026<\/em>\u201d.<sup>15<\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m\n1917, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat c\u1ee7a <em>Trung B\u1eafc T\u00e2n V\u0103n<\/em>, t\u1edd b\u00e1o tr\u1edf\nth\u00e0nh t\u1edd nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<sup>16<\/sup>. Tr\u00ean t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau\ng\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch <em>t\u01b0 duy logic ch\u00e2u \u00c2u<\/em>, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 m\u1edbi v\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy\nng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m\n1919, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1edd b\u00e1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\nb\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam mang t\u00ean <em>H\u1ecdc B\u00e1o<\/em>. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u0169ng\nc\u00e1i n\u0103m 1919, tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c khoa thi c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n\ngi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Nho h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 thi H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 thi \u0110\u00ecnh, d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\nl\u00ean ng\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3\nt\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1edfng, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 thu\u00ea \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7, kh\u1ea3m l\u00ean\nc\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a La Fontaine. N\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i\ntr\u00e0ng k\u1ef7 v\u1edbi hai c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n (<em>Ch\u00f3 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 con c\u00f2<\/em>),\nv\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do (<em>Con ch\u00f3 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ch\u00f3 nh\u00e0<\/em>).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y\nl\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda n\u1ed9i dung b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef,\nv\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<br><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":4534,\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":525,\"height\":336} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/17.-Gh\u1ebf-tr\u00e0ng-k\u1ef7-1919.-2-1024x656.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4534\" width=\"525\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/17.-Gh\u1ebf-tr\u00e0ng-k\u1ef7-1919.-2-1024x656.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/17.-Gh\u1ebf-tr\u00e0ng-k\u1ef7-1919.-2-300x192.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/17.-Gh\u1ebf-tr\u00e0ng-k\u1ef7-1919.-2-768x492.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" \/><figcaption> <em>B\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf tr\u00e0ng k\u1ef7  \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0m n\u0103m  1919  <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:separator -->\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n<!-- \/wp:separator -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>5.\nSau n\u0103m 1919<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>To\u00e0n\nquy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Merlin k\u00fd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 18\/9\/1924, ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c\nng\u1eef v\u00e0o d\u1ea1y c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u00f5i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3\nc\u1ee7a E. Vayrac (Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f2ng B\u00e1o ch\u00ed B\u1ea3n x\u1ee9) \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Trung t\u00e2m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n,\nph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecdc mang t\u00ean <em>La pens\u00e9e de l\u2019Occident<\/em> (\u00c2u T\u00e2y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng)\nt\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u0103m 1926.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>T\u1ea1i\n\u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn n\u1ed9i dung c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch su\u1ed1t 20 n\u0103m li\u1ec1n, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi\nnhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, \u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tho\u00e1t \u00c1,\nm\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n Minh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3\nch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trong giao l\u01b0u v\u00e0\nxu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, n\u0103m 1927, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c\nng\u1eef theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc oo = \u00f4, aa = \u00e2, ow = \u01a1\u2026 d\u00f9ng trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edn.<sup>17<\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh lu\u00f4n s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f2i d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u00f2i t\u1ef1 do b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh\n\u0111\u1eb3ng th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00f2i b\u00fat, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do d\u1eabn \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e2u\nthu\u1eabn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m\n1930, sau th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thu ph\u1ee5c\nNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u1eafn b\u00f3 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c\n\u0111\u1ecba. H\u1ecd c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi\n\u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn l\u00ean t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tinh hoa \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba.\n\u00d4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra\nnh\u1eefng m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eaft gi\u00e1, song \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5m Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o,\n\u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1ec9a mai l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m\n1931, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh\nl\u1eadp m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o ri\u00eang c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0<em>\nL\u2019Annam Nouveau <\/em>(N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam m\u1edbi), xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y21\/1\/1931.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>M\u1eb7c\nd\u00f9 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n\nV\u0129nh v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1eef\nvi\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Tr\u00ean\ns\u1ed1 100, b\u00e1o <em>L\u2019Annam Nouveau<\/em> ra ng\u00e0y 10\/1\/1932, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i: <em>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3\n\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng cho b\u00e1o ch\u00ed b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9<\/em> (Pour un vocabulaire\nuniforme \u00e0 l\u2019usage des journaux indig\u00e8nes). T\u1eeb s\u1ed1 115 &#8211; 118, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i <em>Ch\u1eef\nQu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi<\/em> (Le Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef modifi\u00e9). Tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o 146 ng\u00e0y 24\/6\/1932, \u00f4ng\nl\u01b0u \u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng chu\u1ea9n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft <em>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd\nkhi h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng An Nam<\/em> <strong>(<\/strong>Notes pour\nun cours d\u2019Annamite)\u2026<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u00ednh\nquy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh y\u00eau ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 t\u00f4n\ngi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i An Nam c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng t\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t\nb\u00e1o l\u00e0: NG\u01af\u1edcI NH\u00c0 QU\u00ca CH\u00daNG T\u00d4I\u2026 <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u01b0a khi n\u00e0o nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y!<em>L\u2019Annam Nouveau <\/em>l\u00e0 t\u1edd b\u00e1o duy nh\u1ea5t\nxu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng L\u1edbn (GRAND PRIX) t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf\nB\u00e1o ch\u00ed Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea1i Paris n\u0103m 1932.<sup>18<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":4535,\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":418,\"height\":550} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/20-A.-B\u00e1o-LANAM-Nouveau..png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4535\" width=\"418\" height=\"550\"\/><figcaption> <em>B\u00e1o L\u2019Annam Nouveau<\/em>  <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>N\u0103m\n1935, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ebft ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n\nv\u0103n minh Ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00f2i tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 cho ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ebb\ng\u00e3y ng\u00f2i b\u00fat c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7t ra s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f2i n\u1ee3 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vay ng\u00e2n\nh\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trung t\u00e2m<em> \u00c2u T\u00e2y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/em>, r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd t\u1ecbch bi\u00ean t\u00e0i\ns\u1ea3n v\u00e0&#8230; xi\u1ebft n\u1ee3, \u0111\u1ea9y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i\nt\u00f9, hai l\u00e0 l\u00e0m quan v\u00e0 ba l\u00e0 \u0111i t\u00ecm v\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Nam L\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Sau\nh\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng trong c\u1ea3nh r\u1eebng s\u00e2u n\u00fai th\u1eb3m, qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam m\u01b0a gi\u00f3 tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng\nS\u00ea P\u00f4n, n\u01a1i ch\u00e2n c\u1ea7u S\u00ea B\u0103ng Hi\u00eang, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh\nm\u1ed9t th\u00e2n, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t con thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1ed9c, v\u1edbi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 t\u00edm \u0111en, m\u1ed9t tay v\u1eabn c\u1ea7m\nb\u00fat v\u00e0 tay kia v\u1eabn gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t quy\u1ec3n s\u1ed5 vi\u1ebft gi\u1edf\u2026. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 1\/5\/1936.\n\nNg\u00e0y 2\/5\/1936, nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m\nquy\u1ec1n loan b\u00e1o: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ebft v\u00ec s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t v\u00e0 ki\u1ebft l\u1ecb\u2026.!!!\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":4525,\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":536,\"height\":435} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/01.-Tranh-c\u1ee7a-Nguy\u1ec5n-\u0110\u00ecnh-\u0110\u0103ng..jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4525\" width=\"536\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/01.-Tranh-c\u1ee7a-Nguy\u1ec5n-\u0110\u00ecnh-\u0110\u0103ng..jpg 983w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/01.-Tranh-c\u1ee7a-Nguy\u1ec5n-\u0110\u00ecnh-\u0110\u0103ng.-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/01.-Tranh-c\u1ee7a-Nguy\u1ec5n-\u0110\u00ecnh-\u0110\u0103ng.-768x624.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px\" \/><figcaption> <em>B\u1ee9c tranh \u2018S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef\u2019 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecda s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh \u0110\u0103ng<\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Th\u01b0a\nc\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n!<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3\nnh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p\nch\u1eef vi\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1edbi\nch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, \u0111\u00f3\nl\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i, h\u00f2ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\nm\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n tr\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u00ecn\nl\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh x\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, t\u1eeb tri\u1ec1u\n\u0111\u00ecnh phong ki\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n, \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, v\u00e0\nt\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn\nth\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng x\u1eed v\u1edbi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ecb dai d\u1eb3ng. (Th\u1ef1c\nt\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\u1ea7n\nt\u00ednh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i nh\u1eadn kim kh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a vua Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m\n1918, \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c quay l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u1ea3o\nh\u1ed9 g\u1eafn ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 (B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1932, \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng xin l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng\nnh\u1eadn B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u B\u1ed9i Tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p (n\u0103m 1932), v\u1edbi h\u1ed3i k\u1ebft t\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c d\u00e0nh\ncho \u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng S\u00ea P\u00f4n b\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u00e0o\nhoang vu n\u0103m 1936, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng, n\u1ea3n ch\u00ed hay\nth\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed vong h\u1ed3n \u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u00e2n o\u00e1n g\u00ec. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd, v\u1edbi\nNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a\nm\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi 24 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a\nm\u00ecnh l\u00ean tr\u00ean h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb Marseille g\u1eedi v\u1ec1\nH\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y 27\/6\/1906, r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c\u2026\n<em>Ng\u1ed3i m\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0\ng\u00e2y l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i sung s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng. Cha m\u1eb9, anh em, v\u1ee3\ncon, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u phai nh\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng vui\nth\u00edch \u00eam \u00e1i nh\u1ea5t\u2026<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\u1ecbch\ns\u1eed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quay l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn, hy sinh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng\nch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec danh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng v\u00ec l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>T\u00f4i\nxin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129, nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3\nng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f4m nay:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c<em>D\u1ecbch\nnh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Victor Hugo, c\u1ee7a Alexandre Dumas, c\u1ee7a Lafontaine ra m\u1ed9t\nti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. V\u00e0 khi m\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0\nti\u1ebfng An Nam, l\u00e0 ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e2m, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ns\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01a1n s\u01a1 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t\nph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. <\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\n\u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef\nvi\u1ebft, thay th\u1ebf cho ch\u1eef N\u00f4m c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\nthi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 Trung Hoa. <\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ch\u01b0a\nth\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh n\u00f3 b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 kim ho\u00e0n ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, v\u00e0\n\u0111\u00e3 m\u00e0i r\u0169a \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u00f3ng b\u1ea9y, long lanh, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc\ntinh t\u00fay nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi<\/em>\u201d. <sup>19<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c<em>Ch\u00fang\nta h\u00e3y b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u00f4ng V\u0129nh vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3\nb\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3, c\u0169ng\nnh\u01b0 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng\nc\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 v\u0169 cho vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0\ntr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. \u00d4ng mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9\nr\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 vay\nm\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef \u00e2m, v\u1ec1 phi\u00ean \u00e2m, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i bi\u00ean\nv\u00e0 khi d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u2026\n<em>\u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. Theo Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3\nhai chi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t\nv\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1i h\u1ed1 s\u00e2u ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111i\u1ec1u\nm\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/em>\u201d.<sup>20<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201c<em>&#8230; B\u1edfi v\u1eady, ri\u00eang vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng to\u00e0n t\u00e2m to\u00e0n \u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai, \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em>\u201d.<sup>21<\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Trong\nb\u1ed9 phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp <em>M\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0m v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Man Di hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i <\/em>(2007),\nn\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Phan Huy L\u00ea (1932 &#8211; 2018), Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i Khoa\nh\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t nam, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh:\n\n\u201c<em>Theo t\u00f4i, c\u00e1i\nc\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u00f4ng v\u00e0 Phan\nCh\u00e2u Trinh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Hai \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp\nthu r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. C\u00e1ch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a\nPhan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0ng qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n V\u0129nh, n\u00f3 th\u1ea5m s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em>\u201d.\n\n<br><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":4532,\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":549,\"height\":373} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/071-copy-1024x696.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4532\" width=\"549\" height=\"373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/071-copy-1024x696.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/071-copy-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/071-copy-768x522.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/071-copy.jpg 1378w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 549px) 100vw, 549px\" \/><figcaption> <em>\u0110o\u00e0n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng trong \u0111\u00e1m tang Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ng\u00e0y 8\/5\/1936 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:separator -->\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n<!-- \/wp:separator -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Xin\nth\u00e0nh th\u1eadt c\u1ea3m \u01a1n Ban t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9 h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc vinh danh 100 n\u0103m ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef,\n\u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y! <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Xin c\u1ea7u ch\u00fac cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n vinh danh ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam! <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"align\":\"right\"} -->\n<p style=\"text-align:right\"><strong>N.L.B.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:separator -->\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n<!-- \/wp:separator -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\">*<\/a> <strong><em>Ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m trang tin Tannamtu.com.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>1. Phan Tr\u1ecdng B\u00e1u, Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i, (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i: Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, 2006), 51-52.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>2. <\/em><em>&nbsp;\u201cM\u1ed9t\ngi\u1edd v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh\u201d, Tin V\u0103n, 28\/7\/1935.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>3. \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi An Nam n\u00ean vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef An Nam\u201d, \u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o, 28\/3\/1907.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>4. V\u0169 B\u1eb1ng, \u201cTr\u00edch nh\u1eadt k\u00fd Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh\u201d, Trung B\u1eafc Ch\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y\n7\/5 \u0111\u1ebfn 11\/6\/1944 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>5. Nh\u00e0 in X\u01b0a &#8211; Nay, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1925.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>6. Di\u1ec5n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i d\u1ecbch s\u00e1ch \u1edf H\u1ed9i\nQu\u00e1n Tr\u00ed Tri s\u1ed1 59 (nay l\u00e0 47) ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng Qu\u1ea1t, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 4\/8\/1907. \u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng\nB\u00e1o, s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 15 v\u00e0 22\/8\/1907.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>7. L\u1eddi khai c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u01a1 quan an ninh Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng\nD\u01b0\u01a1ng, (CAOM, m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 SPCE 374).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>8. Thu H\u1eb1ng, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ee5c V\u0103n h\u00f3a, RFI, 7\/8\/2015.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>9. \u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng b\u00e1o, ra ng\u00e0y 25\/7\/1907.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>10.\n<\/em><em>(\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a\nAbdou DIOUF, T\u1ed5ng Th\u01b0 k\u00fd H\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef &#8211; Francophonie 2008).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>11. Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (1869 &#8211; 1964), nh\u00e0\nch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Philippines 1899 -1901). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch\nNguy\u1ec5n Nh\u01b0 Phong.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>12. Th\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh g\u1eedi \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i\n11.12.1907. CAOM. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch \u0110\u00e0o B\u00e1 Cung.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>13. \u201cQu\u1ed1c-ng\u1eef nguy\u00ean hu\u00e2n \/Le Tripomphe du Qu\u1ed1c-ng\u1eef\u201d. \u0110\u0103ng C\u1ed5 T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o, 1913.\n<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>14. \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed t\u1edd b\u00e1o ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i\u201d. V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ngh\u1ec7\nAn, 9\/3\/2017<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>15. V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ngh\u1ec7 An, 9\/3\/2017.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>16. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 1905 -2000, (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i: Ch\u00ednh\ntr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, 2004), 480.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>17. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t nam, s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng 11\/2011.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>18. L\u2019Annam Nouveau, s\u1ed1 190 ng\u00e0y 24\/11\/1932.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>19. Tr\u00edch \u0111i\u1ebfu v\u0103n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Delmas,Ch\u1ee7\nt\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, t\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 tang Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ng\u00e0y 8\/5\/1936 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch: Nguy\u1ec5n K\u1ef3.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>20. Tr\u00edch b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Man Di hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d c\u1ee7a GS. Christopher E. Goscha, gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean khoa\n\u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Montreal (Canada), RFHOM,T.88, s\u1ed1 332-333, 2001. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch: \u0110\u00e0o H\u00f9ng.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>21. Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u201cS\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh\u201d, c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n\nV\u0103n T\u1ed1 (1889 &#8211; 1947), T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh, s\u1ed1 1 v\u00e0 2,\nin n\u0103m 1936 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch: Ph\u1ea1m To\u00e0n.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u00e0i ti\u1ebfng Anh Th\u01b0a c\u00e1c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n! Ng\u00e0y 28 v\u00e0 29 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi Hai 2019, H\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 &#8216;100 n\u0103m ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam&#8216;. Ban T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng m\u1eddi \u00f4ng [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":4550,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/IMG_3317.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4527"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4527"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4527\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8237,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4527\/revisions\/8237"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4550"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}