{"id":2842,"date":"2016-11-23T23:04:43","date_gmt":"2016-11-23T16:04:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=2842"},"modified":"2016-11-23T23:04:43","modified_gmt":"2016-11-23T16:04:43","slug":"cay-cang-thang-cang-de-bi-chat-ky-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=2842","title":{"rendered":"C\u00c2Y C\u00c0NG TH\u1eb2NG, C\u00c0NG D\u1ec4 B\u1eca CH\u1eb6T! – K\u1ef3 3"},"content":{"rendered":"

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K\u1ef3 2<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(Ti\u1ebfp theo K\u1ef3 2)<\/p>\n

III. NH\u1eeeNG H\u1ec6 L\u1ee4Y CH\u00cdNH TR\u1eca QUA C\u00c1C TH\u1edcI K\u1ef2.<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1edbm c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. \u00d4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u00e0y v\u00f2 tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng theo c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t s\u1ef1 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Theo Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ebf t\u1eafc, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea7m than c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phong ki\u1ebfn. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed5 c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tham gia m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ed5, b\u00e0i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Phong ki\u1ebfn, theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, nh\u1eb1m ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ed1t x\u1ea5u xa c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh k\u1ebb \u201c\u0111\u00e1ng gh\u00e9t\u201d trong con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y cai tr\u1ecb. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c gay g\u1eaft trong t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1c quan l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng t\u1eebng l\u00e0 vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, n\u00f3i th\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cai tr\u1ecb, t\u00e1c phong sinh ho\u1ea1t ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nh\u00ecn b\u1eb1ng con m\u1eaft \u00e1c c\u1ea3m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan l\u1ea1i trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    N\u0103m 1907, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u00f2i l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3ng trong \u0110\u00f4ng kinh Ngh\u0129a th\u1ee5c. Vi\u1ec7c ca ng\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ebfch l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c nho s\u1ef9, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c khoa c\u1eed H\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam: Ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i bang, c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn T\u00e2y, b\u1ecdn x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c! M\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ca ng\u1ee3i ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, l\u00e0 theo T\u00e2y!<\/p>\n

    \"cac-quan-trong-pham-phuc-1915\"<\/a><\/p>\n

    Ch\u00e2n dung c\u00e1c quan l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5c n\u0103m 1915.<\/em><\/p>\n

    \u1ede c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1eebng l\u00ean \u00e1n th\u1eadm t\u1ec7 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n b\u00f2n r\u00fat, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u trong \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c, \u00f4ng t\u1eebng n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

    \u201cK\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o. C\u00e1c h\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0103n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00fat, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c trong l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u quan l\u1ea1i, th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 h\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d<\/em> (22)<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    M\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y vua quan. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01a1 v\u00e9t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u xa c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan l\u1ea1i phong ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1910, Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00ed s\u1ef9 th\u00e0nh danh, c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy hi\u1ec3m d\u01b0\u1edbi con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. Song, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111i theo hai khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

    Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7n ngo\u1ea1i bang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 do cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0ong c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh (23)<\/sup>. <\/strong><\/p>\n

    S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch b\u1ed9c tr\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u1ef9 nho h\u1ecdc k\u1ebft \u00e1n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u! V\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean t\u1edd b\u00e1o do ch\u00ednh Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m (24)<\/sup><\/strong>, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5i trong vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0i b\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng trong d\u00e2n ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

    \u1ede m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y (phong ki\u1ebfn), ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3!<\/p>\n

    N\u0103m 1913, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh trong ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng khai d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng F.H.Schneider, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1edd \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em> T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed\u201d.<\/em> Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1ed1n v\u1eabn lo l\u1eafng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn mang t\u00ednh b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh theo \u0111u\u1ed5i, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

    Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb, l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 thi\u1ec3n c\u1eadn v\u00e0 n\u00f3ng v\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc, v\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp gi\u00fap d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n

    \u201cV\u00f4 b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eafc t\u1eed, v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng ngo\u1ea1i, v\u1ecdng ngo\u1ea1i t\u1eafc ngu\u201d<\/em>). <\/em><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e9o m\u00f3. H\u1ecd c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng th\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng t\u00ecnh ngay, l\u00fd gian. Trong khi, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n do s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ecdng, trong khi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1u x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

    \"anh-lan-dao-hn-la-nguoi-phap-1926\"<\/a>Ng\u00e0i To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quan \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 th\u0103m x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m g\u1ed1m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u00e2n<\/em><\/p>\n

    H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1926<\/em><\/p>\n

    T\u1edd \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed 1913<\/em> do Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat, bao h\u00e0m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. N\u1ed9i dung c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1edd b\u00e1o l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c La tinh h\u00f3a, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, n\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

    V\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 10 \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00fac n\u00e0y, Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n di\u1ec7n, v\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: Phong ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 t\u00e2n h\u1ecdc. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c quan trong tri\u1ec1u d\u00e2ng s\u1edb tr\u00ecnh Vua Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f2i ch\u00e9m Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh (1918) v\u00ec m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i khi qu\u00e2n do d\u00e1m b\u1eaft tay Vua, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u1edb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u (25)<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb mang n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2n h\u1ecdc, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, k\u1ebb lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00f2i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u00f2i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i c\u0169 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y vua quan, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed sau s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn Kim kh\u00e1nh do Vua ban, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, v\u1edbi l\u00fd do: \u201cXin gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1i ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2018trinh\u2019 su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi\u201d<\/em>(26)<\/sup>. <\/strong><\/p>\n

    N\u0103m 1930, sau h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 trau d\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba gi\u00e0 c\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chung, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 \u00a0th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u. H\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, h\u1ecd ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f2i Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y quan l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf! (27)<\/sup><\/strong>. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 chi\u00eau b\u00e0i b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0m Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 (B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng) trong Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u1eb1m k\u00e9o \u00f4ng xa r\u1eddi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7m b\u00fat. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3!<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef9 phu, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Nho h\u1ecdc Phong ki\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea3 ph\u00e1 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh gay g\u1eaft, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p T\u00e2n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, \u0111i t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 o\u00e1n gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 k\u1ebft \u00e1n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1eaft \u0111\u00fat m\u1ea1ch v\u0103n ho\u00e1 H\u00e1n N\u00f4m, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd tuy\u1ec7t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, mang t\u00ednh quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c (28)<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: <\/u>Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh!<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, b\u1edfi l\u1ebd, xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7, \u201ct\u1eadp qu\u00e1n\u201d x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh sinh ra Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai trong d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1t, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

      Trong con m\u1eaft cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0o, quan ni\u1ec7m:\u201ccon vua th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vua, con s\u00e3i \u1edf ch\u00f9a th\u00ec qu\u00e9t l\u00e1 \u0111a\u201d, <\/em>\u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cquy lu\u1eadt\u201d trong quan ni\u1ec7m d\u00e2n gian. Vi\u1ec7c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea3y may \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m, h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, mang t\u00ednh \u201cch\u0103m s\u00f3c\u201d, ho\u1eb7c \u201cnu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng\u201d \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

      \"khai-dinh-sang-phap\"<\/a>Chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng du sang Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a vua Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh n\u0103m 1922.<\/em><\/p>\n

      Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh(29)<\/sup>.<\/strong> F.H.Schnaider c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb 1882, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c th\u1eed nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129nh K\u00fd (1837-1898) v\u00e0 Hu\u1ef3nh T\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a (1834-1907) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u00e0nh b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, song \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0103n ho\u00e1 ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c La tinh h\u00f3a tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn 20 n\u0103m sau (1902), F.H.Schnaider m\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh\u201d ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh. T\u1eeb 1904 \u0111\u1ebfn 1906 l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng trong \u0111\u1eddi t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu thanh ni\u00ean m\u1edbi qua tu\u1ed5i hai m\u01b0\u01a1i, khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p mang t\u00ednh sinh t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, do c\u1eadu \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d F.H.Schneider ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

      Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m b\u00e1o, sau khi d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea5u x\u1ea3o M\u00e1c X\u00e2y (1906). \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00fac 24 tu\u1ed5i (To\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i), \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m b\u00e1o, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0: L\u00e0m b\u00e1o t\u1ef1 do! Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o t\u1ef1 do, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 sai khi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Schneider, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0: nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, nh\u00e0 in, ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh… v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, trong khi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ai?! M\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c th\u00f4i vi\u1ec7c, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, kh\u00f4ng con \u00f4ng ch\u00e1u cha<\/em>….<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1i duy nh\u1ea5t Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh s\u1edf h\u1eefu: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng minh ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng hu\u00fd t\u00e2m v\u0103n ho\u00e1, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 thai ngh\u00e9n m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n ho\u00e1 ri\u00eang cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Nam. Cu\u1ed9c \u201ck\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u0103n ho\u00e1\u201d n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 2 n\u1eeda c\u1ea7n nhau, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nhau \u0111\u1ec3… s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng l\u1eabn nhau. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00f3i s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 Schneider \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

      Sau s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p phong tr\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng kinh Ngh\u0129a th\u1ee5c (1907), Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u0111e d\u1ecda r\u1eb1ng:\u201c\u0110\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n c\u00f2n r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed7 l\u1eafm \u0111\u1ea5y \u2026!\u201d<\/em>. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft \u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u1eaft Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3, v\u00ec \u00f4ng l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p! B\u1eaft Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u1ef9, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, d\u00f9 sao m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y cai tr\u1ecb ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i hu\u1ef7 ho\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c ch\u01a1i \u201cl\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng\u201d l\u1eabn nhau m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u…<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c \u1edf c\u00e1c to\u00e0 s\u1ee9, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

      Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng di\u1ec5n ra trong bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u0110\u00f4ng kinh Ngh\u0129a th\u1ee5c, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y cai tr\u1ecb, b\u1edfi l\u1ebd Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1eabn tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh), r\u1eb1ng: \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, m\u1edf mang v\u0103n ho\u00e1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9!!! Kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh d\u00e1m k\u1ebft \u00e1n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p Phong tr\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Hause – \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n

      \u201cT\u00f4i xin ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i, l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u1eeba thi h\u00e0nh (c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n) l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb!\u201d <\/em>(30)<\/sup>.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

      Ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1 trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y, v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea3 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u201cc\u01a1 h\u1ed9i\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

      B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3, F.H.Shcneider v\u1eabn ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh. Hai t\u1edd b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p ra \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1908 v\u00e0 1910 l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Cho d\u00f9, c\u1ea3 hai t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o S\u00e0i G\u00f2n tham gia v\u00e0o Ban bi\u00ean t\u1eadp t\u1edd \u201cL\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh T\u00e2n v\u0103n\u201d. <\/em>Nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u1edf cao \u0111\u1ed9 (Shcneider n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y), v\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 th\u1eddi c\u01a1, Shcneider \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1edd \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed\u201d<\/em> 1913.<\/p>\n

      \"bao-an\"<\/a><\/p>\n

      T\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh “N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam m\u1edbi”, ra \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1931, <\/em><\/p>\n

      b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n.<\/em><\/p>\n

      Trang nh\u1ea5t b\u00e1o L’Annam Nouveau s\u1ed1 1 ra ng\u00e0y 21.1.1931 <\/u><\/em><\/p>\n

      B\u00e1o\u00a0 L\u2019ANNAM NOUVEAU t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp n\u00ean, tr\u1ecdng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 ai v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ecbnh ai. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

      (L\u2019ANNAM NOUVEAU Respecte l\u2019autorite \u00c9tabelie danns la personne ces tous ses representants mais ne craint personne et neflatte personne).<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

      Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong 6 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u00ed s\u1ef9 c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi. \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed<\/em> l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u00e1o ch\u00ed b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cnhu c\u1ea7u\u201d<\/em> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u00e0 Ban tr\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 quy t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u1ef9 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Trung k\u1ef3 tham gia. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed<\/em> c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn sau khi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh qua \u0111\u1eddi, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m con b\u00e0i xoa d\u1ecbu n\u1ed7i \u0111au sau c\u00e1i tang Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh 1936, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Giang (1904- 1965) l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat t\u1edd t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

      Sau n\u0103m 1915, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y Ban bi\u00ean t\u1eadp \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed\u201d,<\/em> Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00e0ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m b\u00e1o \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho ra nh\u1eefng t\u1edd b\u00e1o mang \u0111\u1eadm b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0:\u201cTrung B\u1eafc T\u00e2n v\u0103n\u201d<\/em>, \u201cH\u1ecdc b\u00e1o\u201d, \u201cTrung B\u1eafc Ch\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt\u201d<\/em>. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e1m b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i g\u1eaft gao c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111i xa h\u01a1n, say m\u00ea h\u01a1n trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m b\u00e1o v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

      N\u0103m 1922, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n ho\u00e1, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng c\u00e0ng t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n. \u00d4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb in \u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. Trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u00e1m \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng mua d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in \u1ea5n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, nh\u1eb1m thay th\u1ebf d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u0169, do Schneider \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qua h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

      C\u0169ng n\u0103m 1922 n\u00e0y, F.H.Schneider \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, sau g\u1ea7n 40 n\u0103m t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

      Nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba n\u00eau, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng trong l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, v\u00ec sau m\u1ed9t qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 y\u00ean t\u00e2m r\u1eb1ng, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng khai d\u00e2n tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. \u00d4ng lu\u00f4n nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh r\u1eb1ng: ch\u00fang ta ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn, m\u00e0 v\u00ec d\u00e2n ta thi\u1ebfu tri th\u1ee9c. H\u00e3y gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri th\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch, v\u00ec c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

      – Ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u1edd b\u00e1o in ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc (31)<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      – Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh… c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c thay th\u1ebf ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 v\u0103n xu\u00f4i, v\u0103n v\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec9nh cao. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch, sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf ra h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0: Th\u01a1 m\u1edbi, k\u1ecbch n\u00f3i, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh, s\u00e1ch, b\u00e1o…. Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i m\u1edbi n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh cao tr\u00e0o, c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ngh\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p in \u1ea5n v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

      – Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c cho ra \u0111\u1eddi, ngh\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tri th\u1ee9c \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Trung t\u00e2m \u00c2u T\u00e2y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/em> – La pens\u00e9e de l’Occident<\/em> (32)<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh lu\u00f4n coi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ecdng, l\u00e0 h\u00e3y gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0:\u201cT\u01b0 duy l\u00f4 z\u00edch Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u\u201d <\/em>(33)<\/sup><\/strong>. \u00d4ng l\u1ea5y Trung t\u00e2m \u00a0l\u00e0m c\u00e1i n\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c trau d\u1ed3i tri th\u1ee9c. Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ed3n m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Trung t\u00e2m, l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o v\u00e0 tai h\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, v\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi:<\/p>\n

      – B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ngu d\u00e2n h\u00f3a, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

      – M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef thay th\u1ebf H\u00e1n N\u00f4m, v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp Ph\u00e1p v\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c cai tr\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

      – Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u1ea7n k\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c An Nam, m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa nh\u1eefng toan t\u00ednh ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

      – Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5u t\u00e2m can c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng m\u00e1i trong quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c, c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ebb b\u1ecb tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5u t\u00e2m \u0111en c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111e d\u1ecda, l\u00e0m lung lay v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb. V\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t qu\u1ef7 quy\u1ec7t, Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, thay v\u00ec ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb \u201cth\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p\u201d, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh vay m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cai tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

      – B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y cai tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, khi d\u1ed3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh do F.H.Schneider giao l\u1ea1i, \u0111em th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u1edbi Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (34)<\/sup><\/strong>, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in \u1ea5n, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m. Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb n\u1eafm \u0111\u1eb1ng chu\u00f4i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh.<\/p>\n

      – Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u201cNguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1\u201d <\/em>(Albert Sarraut).\u00a0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay lao theo l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, tuy\u1ec7t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nham hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n. Th\u1eddi nay, ng\u01b0\u00f2i ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh.<\/p>\n

      Su\u1ed1t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 20, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh d\u1ed3n to\u00e0n t\u00e2m, to\u00e0n \u00fd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Trung t\u00e2m. \u00d4ng ra s\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i, l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng khai h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng c\u00e0ng vi\u1ebft, c\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u1ed1n tri th\u1ee9c uy\u00ean th\u00e2m, t\u01b0 duy ngay th\u1eb3ng, \u00f4ng c\u00e0ng va \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n

      N\u0103m 1930, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1ea1o n\u00ean trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 kho t\u00e0ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ee5c d\u00e2n h\u1ebft b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh, \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, b\u1ebb g\u1eaby ng\u00f2i b\u00fat c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh.<\/p>\n

      N\u0103m 1931, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 d\u1ed3n \u00e9p, th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e0nh ch\u1ecdn vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. \u00d4ng cho ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh \u201cL\u2019Annam Nouveau \u2013 N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam m\u1edbi\u201d <\/em>(In b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xin ph\u00e9p) (36)<\/sup>.<\/strong> Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, th\u00f4ng qua t\u1edd b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3. \u00d4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, khi vi\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1eadn t\u00e2m t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u201ccay c\u00fa\u201d c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

      V\u1edbi t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ngh\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1edbi Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ec in ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i v\u00e0 b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng ho\u00e1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Annam. V\u1eady n\u00ean, m\u1eabu thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa \u00f4ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

      N\u0103m 1935, Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e0n ly, \u0111\u00e3 ra t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2i Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00f9 v\u1edbi l\u00fd do n\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n! Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1eafm \u0111\u1eb1ng chu\u00f4i trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh k\u00fd kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc vay n\u1ee3 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m 1926. Vi\u1ec7c xi\u1ebft n\u1ee3 l\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi t\u00e0i phi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n 20 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

      Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f2n s\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Am\u00e9d\u00e9e Climente, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o Co\u00f3c, l\u1ea5y v\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u00f2i Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf t\u1ec9nh H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111ang trong c\u01a1n n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n b\u00ea b\u1ed1i, t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u201cr\u1ee7 nhau sang t\u00ecm v\u00e0ng \u1edf S\u00ea P\u00f4n – L\u00e0o\u201d <\/em>theo g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n! (37)<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      S\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111i \u201ct\u00ecm v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3\u201d<\/em>, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c d\u1eebng vi\u1ebft, di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1936. Trong l\u00fac Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111ang \u201ct\u01b0ng b\u1eebng\u201d v\u1edbi 11 b\u00e0i ph\u00f3ng s\u1ef1 \u201cM\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm v\u00e0ng\u201d<\/em>(38)<\/sup><\/strong>, ngu\u1eddi v\u1ee3 ba l\u00e0 Suzanne V\u0129nh, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 v\u00e0o t\u1eadn S\u00ea P\u00f4n, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u00f4ng quay v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, nhanh ch\u00f3ng r\u1eddi b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm v\u00e0ng, v\u00ec: \u0111\u00e3 \u201ctho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn\u201d<\/em> xong v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt tai m\u1eaft trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, s\u1ebd tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c xi\u1ebft n\u1ee3, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i t\u00f9!<\/p>\n

      Ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ee5 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t \u201cv\u00f4 t\u00ecnh\u201d c\u1ee7a Climente (b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh) \u1edf S\u00eap\u00f4n. Ng\u00e0y 1.5.1936, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y sau m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam m\u01b0a gi\u00f3 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1ed9c, m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u00edm \u0111en<\/em>, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?!<\/p>\n

      Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta loan b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft v\u00ec s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t v\u00e0 ki\u1ebft l\u1ef5!(39)<\/sup>. <\/strong>Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 H\u1ed9i Tam \u0111i\u1ec3m (Franc – Maconnerie) \u0111\u1ee9ng ra t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a thi h\u00e0i Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tang. C\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n ho\u00e1 gi\u00e1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m \u00c2u T\u00e2y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, to\u00e0 so\u1ea1n b\u00e1o L\u2019Annam Nouveau, \u0111\u1ea9y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, tan n\u00e1t. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Nam t\u1eed<\/em> khi \u00f4ng m\u1edbi 54 tu\u1ed5i!<\/p>\n

      Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi T\u00e2n Nam t\u1eed<\/em> Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, v\u00ec sau m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i, s\u1ef1 \u201ch\u1ee3p t\u00e1c\u201d \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u201cthu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c cho ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n ho\u00e1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 \u201cgi\u00fap\u201d Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Nam, t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00ednh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, m\u1edf ra xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ecdc, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00f2i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u0111e do\u1ea1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n vong c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

      Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1eeb 1926, khi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 t\u01b0 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba – ng\u00e0i\u00a0 Bertrand – trong bu\u1ed5i c\u00e2u l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0o h\u1ed3i 8h30, ng\u00e0y 15\/5\/1926. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u201cTrong chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m Hu\u1ebf th\u00e1ng M\u1ed9t v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i (1926), t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p c\u1ee5 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb An Nam. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean quan To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e0i chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi quan Th\u1ed1ng s\u1ee9 B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 quan Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 Trung k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t…\u201d<\/em>(40)<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/u>: Vi\u1ec7c Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/em>!<\/u><\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ====================<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Tr\u00edch th\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh g\u1eedi Hauser, \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y 11\/12\/1907 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ef1 tan v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c. Ngu\u1ed3n TT L\u01b0u tr\u1eef H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c gia Ph\u00e1p (CAOM)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n
        1. Xem ch\u00fa th\u00edch 5<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u00a024<\/strong>. \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed s\u1ed1 5, ng\u00e0y 12\/7\/1913. <\/em><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Theo l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Huy L\u1ee5c (con trai nh\u00e0 Nho Ph\u1ea1m Huy H\u1ed5). Lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 vua, v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i khi qu\u00e2n.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: thay v\u00ec \u201cv\u00e1i\u201d theo lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e1m b\u1eaft tay Vua Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh, khi nh\u00e0 vua t\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng Anber Sarraut (1872-1962), thay v\u00ec \u201cv\u00e1i\u201d theo lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh<\/em>. (Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a vua Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh khi nh\u1eadn b\u1ea3n t\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quan trong tri\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e9m k\u1ebb m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i khi qu\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 vua n\u00f3i:\u201cChuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i ch\u00e9m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta, th\u1eadt k\u1ef3<\/strong> qu\u00e1!\u201d).<\/em><\/p>\n

            – K\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n K\u1ef3.<\/em><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Xem ch\u00fa th\u00edch 25.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u00a027<\/strong>. Trong cu\u1ed1n \u201c40 n\u0103m n\u00f3i l\u00e1o\u201d, trang 81:\u201c\u2026 (\u00d4ng) d\u1ecbch mi\u1ec7ng \u201cTelemac phi\u00eau l\u01b0u k\u00fd\u201d cho \u0110\u00f4ng L\u0129nh D\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng D\u1ef1c ng\u1ed3i \u00e1m t\u1ea3, trong khi ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng quay sang n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00f4ng T\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n Th\u1ed1ng s\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u00fd mu\u1ed1n gi\u00fap \u00f4ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o, bao nhi\u00eau c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 \u00f4ng (V\u0129nh) t\u1ea1m g\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u1eebng ch\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 Vua\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

              28<\/strong>. Nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y Nh\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam 20\/11\/2007, TT V\u0103n Mi\u1ebfu Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m v\u00e0 TT Minh Tri\u1ebft Vi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c L\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m 100 n\u0103m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c. Trong di\u1ec5n v\u0103n khai m\u1ea1c c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft:\u201dH\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u0129 phu y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Ch\u1ea5n h\u01b0ng \u2013 Duy t\u00e2n \u2013 D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft l\u00fd gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n, h\u1ecdc tinh hoa d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

              \u00a0<\/em>29.<\/em><\/strong> Vayrac \u2013 vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o g\u1eedi to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m 1937 c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft:\u201dS\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Annam ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 gh\u00ea g\u1edbm, c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Annam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta th\u00ec th\u1eadt k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb, hoang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2026 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 may m\u1eafn k\u1ebft b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Annam xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Annam l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00f4i d\u1ea7n \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i v\u1ef1c th\u1eb3m ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Annam v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 x\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y\u201d (ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch \u0110\u00e0o H\u00f9ng – 2007).<\/em><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Xem ch\u00fa th\u00edch 22<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em>– T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nam phong 1917 <\/em><\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed 1918 <\/em><\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Ng\u1ecd b\u00e1o v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7p D\u00e2n b\u00e1o 1920<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed H\u1eefu Thanh 1921<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Trung l\u1eadp b\u00e1o 1923<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Annam t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed 1926<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – B\u00e1o Ti\u1ebfng d\u00e2n 1927<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – B\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1p 1930.<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Nh\u00f3m T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c V\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n.<\/em><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng V\u00e2n \u2013 Long V\u00e2n, s\u1ed1 1- 3 ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng Gai, qu\u1eadn Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm, nh\u00ecn ra qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c \u2013 H\u1ed3 Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/em><\/li>\n
                2. M\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u00ean b\u00e1o \u201cTrung b\u1eafc T\u00e2n v\u0103n\u201d, 1917-1919 <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u00a0<\/em>34<\/strong>. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1875. L\u00e3i su\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1928 l\u00e0 56 tri\u1ec7u Franc (T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed X\u01b0a v\u00e0 Nay s\u1ed1 71 th\u00e1ng 1\/2000).<\/em><\/p>\n

                  \u00a0<\/em>35<\/strong>. Albert Sarraut \u2013 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 II, 1917-1919.<\/em><\/p>\n

                  \u00a036. <\/em><\/strong>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in tr\u00ean trang nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1edd \u201cL\u2019ANNAM NOUVEAU\u201d (s\u1ed1 1 ra ng\u00e0y 21\/1\/1931):<\/em><\/p>\n

                  \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ANNAM s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang Ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/em><\/li>\n
                  2. \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/em><\/li>\n
                  3. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/em><\/li>\n
                  4. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p.<\/em><\/li>\n
                  5. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng lao c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n An Nam.<\/em><\/li>\n
                  6. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/em><\/li>\n
                  7. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf cho d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn Ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam, m\u00e0 v\u00ec ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng b\u1ecb l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111i.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    B\u00e1o L\u2019ANNAM NOUVEAU t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp n\u00ean, tr\u1ecdng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 ai v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ecbnh ai\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

                    \u00a0<\/em>37.<\/em><\/strong> B\u00e0i \u201cCu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd\u201d tr\u00ean \u201cL\u2019Annam Nouveau\u201d s\u1ed1 528, 529 ng\u00e0y 08\/3\/1936.<\/em><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. B\u00e1o \u201cL\u2019Annam Nouveau\u201d t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 530 ng\u00e0y 15\/3\/1936 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 538 ng\u00e0y 12\/4\/1936<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      39<\/strong>. B\u00e1o \u201cL\u2019Annam Nouveau\u201d ng\u00e0y 05\/5\/1936.<\/em><\/p>\n

                      \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>40<\/strong>. TT L\u01b0u tr\u1eef H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c gia Ph\u00e1p (CAOM) m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 – SPCE 374, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ed7 Ca S\u01a1n \u2013 2011 (chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef9 \u0110\u1ed3i A 1- \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7)<\/em><\/p>\n

                       <\/p>\n

                      \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ————————————<\/strong><\/p>\n

                       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          K\u1ef3 2 (Ti\u1ebfp theo K\u1ef3 2) III. NH\u1eeeNG H\u1ec6 L\u1ee4Y CH\u00cdNH TR\u1eca QUA C\u00c1C TH\u1edcI K\u1ef2. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1edbm c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. \u00d4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u00e0y v\u00f2 tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":2849,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,41,14],"tags":[26,139,23,97,87,95,105,32,42,27,107,93,22,20,30,138,108,106,86,109,53,55,34,33,156,94,96,54,28,31,100,51,24,8,112,99,21,25,36,110],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/B\u00e1o-AN.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2842"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2842"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2842\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2850,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2842\/revisions\/2850"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2842"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2842"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}