{"id":2298,"date":"2016-02-16T15:11:06","date_gmt":"2016-02-16T08:11:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=2298"},"modified":"2016-02-16T15:20:42","modified_gmt":"2016-02-16T08:20:42","slug":"nguyen-van-vinh-voi-tieng-me-de-v-chu-quoc-ngu-phan-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/?p=2298","title":{"rendered":"Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb và ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef – ph\u1ea7n 2"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u00e1u n\u0103m sau (1913) l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mang t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf c\u1ea3 ba mi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch v\u00ec su\u1ed1t s\u00e1u n\u0103m li\u1ec1n, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn khai d\u00e2n tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef h\u00f2ng so\u00e1n ng\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef H\u00e1n h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 d\u1eadm ch\u00e2n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed1c l\u00f2ng d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n trong t\u1ee7 s\u00e1ch tinh hoa c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o? M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, \u00f4ng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u1edfi ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef khi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m d\u1ecbch. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 h\u1ee7 Nho trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng tinh hoa tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 vi\u1ebft \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n 1974 r\u1eb1ng: \u201c… ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p, ch\u1eef Nho m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ch\u1eef v\u0103n h\u00f3a..\u201d<\/i>(13)<\/sup>. <\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"tv6\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0m s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u v\u0103n h\u00f3a cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n, bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cTam Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00ed Di\u1ec5n Ngh\u0129a<\/i>\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Trung Qu\u1ed1c La Qu\u00e1n Trung (kho\u1ea3ng 1330-1400) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ed s\u0129 Phan K\u1ebf B\u00ednh (1875-1921) v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1909. \u1ede l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc nam ta mai sau n\u00e0y, hay d\u1edf c\u0169ng \u1edf nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef\u201d. <\/strong><\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c cao qu\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1eabn \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 F.H.Schneider, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin v\u0103n h\u00f3a, tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u00e1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00ec c\u0103m th\u00f9 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c binh bi\u1ebfn g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u v\u00e0 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n thay v\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p-Nam m\u00e0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Ng\u00e0y 15.5.1913, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ra m\u1eaft t\u1edd b\u00e1o xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam mang t\u00ean \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed\u201d.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed Ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh th\u1ef1c t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n sau:<\/p>\n

– Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng do s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh nu\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c: Khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 m\u00ecnh, thay v\u00ec xung \u0111\u1ed9t. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

– N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u01a1i v\u00e0o xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Xung \u0111\u1ed9t s\u1ebd ti\u00eau hao s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c, th\u1eddi gian, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00edch l\u0169y ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Ngo\u00e0i ra \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lo l\u1eafng: l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u qua c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u201cs\u1ee3\u201d m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u0169 trang s\u1ebd ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c canh t\u00e2n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111ang nung n\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh coi vi\u1ec7c ra \u0111\u1eddi \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed\u201d l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u00ecn v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: \u201c\u1ede th\u1ebf\u2013dan n\u00e0y, xem trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u0103n\u2013minh, l\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u0103n\u2013ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ea3, ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf…\u201d(<\/sup><\/b><\/i>14)<\/sup><\/b><\/i><\/p>\n

Ban tr\u1ecb s\u1ef1 T\u00f2a so\u1ea1n \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed\u201d quy t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t \u01b0u t\u00fa nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 Trung k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc k\u1ef3(15)<\/sup>.<\/b> Nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed\u201d, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ebf Ng\u0169 (1921-2000) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Trung T\u00e2m L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Gia I thu\u1ed9c Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:\u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Schneider v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ee9ng sau t\u1edd \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed, th\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 quan y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, h\u1eb3n c\u00e1c \u00f4ng c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u01a1i tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n cho vi\u1ec7c duy t\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi…\u201d<\/i>. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed<\/i>, t\u1edd b\u00e1o ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i(16)<\/sup>.<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Trung T\u00e2m L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Gia I, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft theo m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 La Tinh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c danh nh\u00e2n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u1ede t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi: Moliere<\/b> (1622-1673). Chales Perrault<\/b> (1628-1703). Jean-Jacques Rousseau<\/b> (1712-1778). Fran\u00e7ois-Marie Arouet-Voltaire<\/b> (1694-1778)… Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi d\u00f9ng t\u1edd b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng: n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 thi h\u00e0o Nguy\u1ec5n Du, c\u00f3 Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, m\u00e0 qua c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh g\u1ecdi Nguy\u1ec5n Du l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Thi h\u00e0o!<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u1edd b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ra m\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, song Ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh v\u1eabn gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng tin trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed. nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

– Th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng thu\u1eadt (T\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t).<\/p>\n

– Quan b\u00e1o l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee5c (Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n).<\/p>\n

– T\u1ef1 do di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

– S\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng An Nam.<\/p>\n

– G\u01b0\u01a1ng phong t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

– Lu\u00e2n l\u00fd h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

– Vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n (C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i).<\/p>\n

– Nh\u1eddi \u0110\u00e0n b\u00e0 (C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho n\u1eef gi\u1edbi)…..<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp thu th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng,\u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay th\u1ebf vai tr\u00f2 ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed\u201d \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra sao l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u00e0 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng, ng\u00e0y 7.1.1915, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o m\u1edbi, t\u1edd \u201cTrung B\u1eafc T\u00e2n V\u0103n\u201d, v\u1eabn do Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat. N\u0103m 1917, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a so\u1ea1n \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed\u201d l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh (1890-1945) \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1ch ra v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng t\u1edd \u201cNam Phong T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed\u201d. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1919, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1edd \u201cTrung B\u1eafc T\u00e2n V\u0103n\u201d ra h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y (Nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1edd nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o<\/b> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00f9ng n\u0103m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cH\u1ecdc b\u00e1o\u201d, do Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim (1883-1953). L\u00fac n\u00e0y, m\u1ea3nh ru\u1ed9ng canh t\u00e1c ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u1edf th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 10 trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u00e1i T\u00e2n h\u1ecdc hay ph\u00e1i C\u1ef1u h\u1ecdc, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u0103m 1919, vua Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh (1885-1925) \u0111\u00e3 ra ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee5 b\u00e3i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y ch\u1eef Nho. Ng\u00e0y 18.9.1924, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng Martial Henri Merlin<\/a><\/b> (1860-1935) k\u00fd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0a ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef v\u00e0o d\u1eady t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u00f5i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

———————–<\/p>\n

V\u1eady l\u00e0 sau g\u1ea7n ba th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, t\u00ednh t\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 cu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t-B\u1ed3-La n\u0103m 1651, ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t nam. T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 k\u1ef3 v\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1edf m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean hi\u1ebfm hoi c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ban \u0111\u1ea7u khi n\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb ti\u00ean phong, k\u1ebb d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ki\u00ean gan v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u01a1n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh.<\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0m con ch\u1eef, l\u00e0m b\u00e1o, l\u00e0m v\u0103n h\u00f3a, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh lu\u00f4n mong mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e3o l\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u00e3y nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0:\u201dT\u01b0 duy l\u00f4 gich ch\u00e2u \u00c2u\u201d.<\/i> Tr\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u1edd \u201cTrung B\u1eafc T\u00e2n V\u0103n\u201d \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d.\u201dT\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d…<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra t\u1ea7ng t\u1ea7ng, l\u1edbp l\u1edbp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 h\u1eadu th\u1ebf h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu, l\u00e0m vinh danh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt: Nh\u1ea5t Linh (1906-1963), Th\u1ebf L\u1eef (1907-1989), Th\u1ea1ch Lam (1910-1942), T\u00fa M\u1ee1 (1900-1976), Nguy\u00ean H\u1ed3ng (1918-1982), Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng Hoan (1903-1977), Huy C\u1eadn (1919-2005)…<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1922, ng\u00e0i Francois Henri<\/i> <\/i>Schneider <\/i>t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1eeba tr\u00f2n 40 n\u0103m v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u1edf m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef \u00f4ng c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef, \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ban \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1i h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 g\u00ec, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean \u01a1n c\u1ee7a F.H.Schneider, d\u00f9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y que di\u00eam c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n tri th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i Schneider ra \u0111i, l\u00fac n\u00e0y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u00e1i th\u1eeda ru\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 \u00f4ng mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i c\u00e0y c\u1ea5y. N\u0103m 1922, \u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in do Schneider \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 30 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n, chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c h\u01a1n. \u00d4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf kho t\u00e0ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ra Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, \u00f4ng vay ti\u1ec1n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m 1926, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ch \u00c2u T\u00e2y T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf s\u1ed1 1-3 ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng Gai (Nh\u00ecn ra B\u1edd H\u1ed3 Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm). Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i t\u00e2m s\u1ef1, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eb1ng: Nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m B\u00e1ch h\u00f3a v\u0103n h\u00f3a, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef khi b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf do ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea5u v\u00e0 \u00e2m s\u1eafc, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng(17)<\/sup>.<\/b> L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edn theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc a a = \u00e2, a w = \u0103, u w = \u01b0…. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1927.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng trong ngh\u00e0nh b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u201cxui khi\u1ebfn\u201d Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00f2n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef C\u1ea3i Ti\u1ebfn (Le Qu\u1ed1c-Ng\u1eef Modifi\u00e9). Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y in linotype, ph\u00e1t minh khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ra \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1886, thay th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 monotype, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a h\u1ebft 127 m\u1eabu ch\u1eef c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u…Nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khich l\u1ec7 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ngh\u0129 ra m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu ch\u1eef c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5: N\u0103m d\u1ea5u: s\u1eafc, huy\u1ec1n, h\u1ecfi, ng\u00e3 <\/i><\/b>v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng<\/i><\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng: q, f, j, z, w<\/b> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00eda sau c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1927 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1930, tr\u00ean b\u00e1o \u201cTrung B\u1eafc T\u00e2n V\u0103n\u201d m\u1ed7i s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh vi\u1ebft theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0m quen d\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u1eabu ch\u1eef m\u1edbi n\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, theo Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef m\u1edbi gi\u00fap kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn khi vi\u1ebft c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3 do \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m d\u1ea5u, v\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u00e1i, trong khi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t \u00e2m v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 c\u0169. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ebd t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p x\u1ebfp ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y in hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 x\u1ebfp ch\u1eef s\u1ebd thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n, chi ph\u00ed s\u1ebd \u00edt h\u01a1n. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p in \u1ea5n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t minh, s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf ph\u00ed.<\/sup>…(18)<\/sup>.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ebfm n\u00e0y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ti\u1ebfp thu h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh. Kho ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00f4ng qua vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef. Th\u1eadt tr\u1edb tr\u00eau, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u1ea1i \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t mu\u1ed1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 cai tr\u1ecb, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 khai s\u00e1ng cho tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u201c\u01b0u \u00e1i\u201d c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh cho Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u1eady nh\u01b0ng, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh c\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t xa m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1930, Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u1ed5i vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbch thu gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef. T\u1ecbch thu nh\u00e0 in Trung B\u1eafc T\u00e2n v\u0103n. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111ang d\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef \u0110\u1ed5i M\u1edbi, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho Nh\u00e0 in Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng (IDEO) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch in b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn theo k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt in Linotype<\/i> v\u1edbi kh\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch 10cm x 14cm, d\u00e0y 146 trang c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p-Nam\u201d. L\u1ea5y t\u00ean c\u1ee7a cha c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1o R. P. Barbier l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u1eaft Nh\u00e0 in Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t minh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Vi\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng B\u00e1c C\u1ed5 Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y 29.5.1932, tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o \u201cL\u2019Annam Nouveau-N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam m\u1edbi\u201d s\u1ed1 139, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i \u201cCu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra b\u1eb1ng Ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi- Le premier livre imprim\u00e9 en Quoc-ngu r\u00e9 form\u00e9<\/i>\u201d, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn l\u00ean \u00e1n c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh x\u1eed mang t\u00edch th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u1eadp v\u00f9i, \u0111\u1ea9y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1931, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng do Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n d\u1ed3n \u00e9p, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh tay trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u1ea5m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. C\u1ea5m Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef, h\u1ecd ra ba \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 cho tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng ra t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u201cL\u2019Annam Nouveau-N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam m\u1edbi\u201d vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xin ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 L\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

– X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111i theo h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Tr\u1ef1c tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ngo\u1ea1i giao, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p….<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1935, Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1 g\u1ee5c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0m quan cho tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

– Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t, s\u1ebd b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch bi\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n vay cho d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n. Ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i sang L\u00e0o t\u00ecm v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00f9.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00eam s\u1ef7, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nghe nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u01b0u \u00e1i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p hai l\u1ea7n mu\u1ed1n t\u1eb7ng \u00f4ng hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea9u B\u1ed9i tinh. \u00d4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111i sang L\u00e0o theo s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 m\u00f3n n\u1ee3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vay tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng Ba n\u0103m 1936, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n heo h\u00fat, xa l\u1ea1. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t con thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1ed9c l\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng S\u00ea B\u0103ng Hi\u00eang (Nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng S\u00ea P\u00f4n, mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u00e0o), tr\u1eeb Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng to\u00e0n th\u00e2n t\u00edm \u0111en, m\u1ed9t tay v\u1eabn gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y b\u00fat v\u00e0 tay kia l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u1ed5. \u00d4ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i ph\u00f3ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 nhan \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cM\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm v\u00e0ng<\/i>\u201d, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 1.5.1936. Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n loan tin: Ng\u00e0y 2.5.1936, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft v\u00ec s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t v\u00e0 ki\u1ebft l\u1ef5!!!<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u201cH\u1ed9i Tam \u0111i\u1ec3m\u201d(19)<\/sup><\/b>\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1m tang v\u1edbi 2 \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 1 ng\u00e0y. H\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0129nh bi\u1ec7t \u00f4ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ebfu v\u0103n ti\u1ec5n bi\u1ec7t, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ebfu vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef l\u00e0 H\u00e1n v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u (1867-1940). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh l\u00e0 \u201c\u00d4ng t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 b\u00e1o<\/b>\u201d v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d (20)<\/sup>.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, ch\u00ed s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u1ed1 (1889-1947) \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Tin t\u1ee9c-H\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh s\u1ed1 16 ra th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u n\u0103m 1936 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, xin tr\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ea5t s\u1edbm, song Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i m\u00e3i sau khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. T\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi kh\u1eafc m\u00e3i m\u00e3i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3. T\u00ean \u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng do \u00f4ng khai ph\u00e1, m\u00e0 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh hay c\u1ed1 \u00fd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qu\u00ean b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai, khi \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf x\u1ee9 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng trong v\u00f2ng ba ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m qua. B\u1edfi v\u00ec, ri\u00eang vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng to\u00e0n t\u00e2m to\u00e0n \u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef(14)<\/a>, ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai, \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d<\/i>(21)<\/sup><\/b>.<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 12.5. 2015.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 : Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n B\u00ecnh<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m trang tin Tannamtu.com.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c link li\u00ean quan:<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n 1<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u00e9n m\u00e2y gi\u1eefa tr\u1eddi th\u1ea5y s\u00e1ch l\u1edbp 6 C\u00e1nh Bu\u1ed3m<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

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  1. Tr\u00edch trong cu\u1ed1n \u201cCh\u1eef v\u0103n Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c\u201d c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung. Nh\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Nam S\u01a1n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n n\u0103m 1974.<\/li>\n
  2. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ng\u00e0y 4.8.1907 t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i Qu\u00e1n Tr\u00ed tri (47 H\u00e0ng Qu\u1ea1t, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i d\u1ecbch s\u00e1ch. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ghi l\u1ea1i: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u1ed1. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Tin t\u1ee9c-H\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh s\u1ed1 16 ra th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u n\u0103m 1936 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n
  3. Ban Tr\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a b\u00e1o c\u00f3 hai nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Ph\u00e1i T\u00e2n h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y g\u1ed3m: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh, Ph\u1ea1m Duy T\u1ed1n, Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim, Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh…Ph\u00e1i C\u1ef1u h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Nho h\u1ecdc g\u1ed3m: Phan K\u1ebf B\u0129nh, D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u00e1 Tr\u1ea1c, Ho\u00e0ng T\u0103ng B\u00ed, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ed7 M\u1ee5c, Ph\u1ea1m Huy L\u1ee5c, Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Hi\u1ebfu…<\/li>\n
  4. \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1p Ch\u00ed \u2013 T\u1edd b\u00e1o ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i\u201d T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Ho\u00e0ng C\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Thu H\u01b0\u1eddng. Trung t\u00e2m L\u01b0u tr\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c gia I.<\/li>\n
  5. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Tem-B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng 11.2011. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0110o\u00e0n Quang Vinh.<\/li>\n
  6. \u201cCu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi\u201d \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 115 \u0111\u1ebfn 118 th\u00e1ng 3.1932 c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o L\u2019Annam Nouveau-N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
  7. \u201cH\u1ed9i Tam \u0110i\u1ec3m\u201d (La Franc Ma\u00e7onnerie) c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00edn v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebft n\u1ea1p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i l\u00e0: t\u1ef1 do t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a vua ch\u00faa v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/em> Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, l\u00e0 danh nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0: T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Washington, Abraham Lincoln, th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Anh Winston Churchill, nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 Mozart, c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia nh\u01b0 Montesquieu, Voltaire…<\/li>\n
  8. Tr\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ebfu v\u0103n \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tang l\u1ec5 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh ng\u00e0y 8.5.1936 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. (tannamtu.com).<\/li>\n
  9. Tr\u00edch trong b\u00e0i \u201cS\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh\u201d c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u1ed1, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Tin t\u1ee9c-H\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh<\/em> s\u1ed1 16 ra th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u n\u0103m 1936 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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    <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    S\u00e1u n\u0103m sau (1913) l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mang t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf c\u1ea3 ba mi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2297,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/tv6_thumb-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2298"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2298"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2302,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2298\/revisions\/2302"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2297"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tannamtu.id.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}